Tuesday, August 13, 2024

Science: Life on Mars, ocean found, gases

Unveiling Mars: The Mysterious Ruins and the Quest for Ancient Life (MSN)
(Popular Mechanics) In its ancient past, Mars likely contained many of the necessary ingredients for microbial life to flourish on its surface. Now, a new discovery by NASA’s Perseverance rover shows a trifecta of compelling evidence — including the presence of water, organic compounds, and a chemical energy source — all on one rock located in the Jezero Crater.
Although this is the best clue yet that microbial life existed on Mars, there are still other explanations that could explain account for this geologic display without the existence of microbes.


“Is there life on Mars” is a question that has vexed astrobiologists and [Buddhist rockstar] David Bowie [who almost became a Vajrayana Buddhist monk rather than a human-alien hybrid pop singer] alike.

Playing with reptilian monsters on earth

While the latter imagined some macabre collection of arachnids on the Red Planet [Spiders on Mars], NASA scientists are fixated on finding evidence that microbial life once flourished on the fourth rock from the Sun.

They are so fixated, in fact, that the space agency has spent more than $5 billion getting two immensely complicated robotic rovers — Curiosity and Perseverance — onto the Martian surface with this specific microbial mission in mind.

Now, one of those rovers might have discovered one of the most compelling pieces of evidence for Martian microbial life.
Located on an arrowhead-shaped, three-foot-long rock nicknamed “Cheyava Falls” in the Jezero Crater (the 28-mile-wide crater that Perseverance has called home for the past three years), this “piece of evidence” is actually a trifecta of data points that suggest the presence of past microbial life.

The rock in question features two vertical veins of calcium sulfate that likely formed from past water, and these stripes both flank a red band of rock filled with “leopard spots.”

NASA has discovered evidence of past water on Mars before, but it’s this narrow band of rock that brings new meaning to this discovery.

Using its SHERLOC (Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman & Luminescence for Organics & Chemicals) and PIXL (Planetary Instrument for X-Ray Lithochemistry) instruments, Perseverance determined the existence of organic compounds within the rock.

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Oh, and those “leopard spots?” Those likely indicate chemical reactions that could’ve supplied energy to ancient microbial Martians.

While each of these discoveries — the presence of water, organic compounds, and chemical reactions — would be notable even if discovered separately, NASA has never seen all three in one location, meaning the geological chemistry of Cheyava Falls is possibly our best clue yet that Mars once hosted life. More:

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