Sunday, February 1, 2026

Slavery ended Feb 1, 1865? 13th Amendment


Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz
We are all taught to celebrate Juneteenth (June 19th) as if that were when the USA abolished slavery. But that happened with the ratification of the 13th Amendment on Feb. 1, 1865. Of course, the American government didn't bother to tell slaves and thereby free them. But that is when it became de jure (by law) illegal. De facto (by fact) we still have slavery in many forms -- human trafficking, working convicts, secretly employing the vulnerable, sexual trafficking of women, children, and boys...


What do you mean you want to rape/enslave me?
There may have been more Native American (Indigenous, "Indians," Amerindians) slaves than Blacks or African imports. Most of them were worked to death or contaminated with diseases they had no immunity to deal with, and they are rarely spoken of; however, historians have documented this fact.

And when the USA invaded the Old West using the "Monroe Doctrine" and "manifest destiny" as pretexts, it stole half of the land that was Mexico, under Spanish rule. So a large part of this country is in fact Mexico except that "might makes right."

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