The active compound in mushrooms with psychedelic properties could serve as a therapeutic tool through microdosing, according to a new study from the University of Southern Denmark.
Psilocybin has long been recognized as a classic psychedelic (entheogenic) substance that produces changes in perception, mood, and cognitive processes.
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- Psyche-delic means "mind-manifesting" (from psyche and -logy, as in psychology, the "study of the soul"), referring to entheogens that bring out the divine (theo) from within
It’s a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi (most of them Psilocybe cubensis from Cuba), collectively called "magic mushrooms."
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These mind-blowing effects include visual and mental visions (hallucinations), euphoria, changes in perception,
a distorted sense of time, and spiritual or perceived-spiritual experiences.
It can also cause unpleasant reactions, such as nausea (purging) or panic (freaking out).
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In such therapeutic treatment, the patient ingests psilocybin after undergoing therapeutic preparation (mindful of "set and setting") and undergoes a psychedelic experience in a supportive environment with a trained therapist (sitter, minder, guide).
The treatment is performed in a series of therapy sessions.
Experiments are already being conducted with patients at Danish medical centers, including Bispebjerg Hospital and Rigshospitalet.
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“Repeated low doses of psilocybin increase resilience to stress, lower compulsive actions, and strengthen cortical connections to the paraventricular thalamic nucleus in rats.”
It was headed by Prof. Mikael Palner and doctoral student Kat Kiilerich from the research unit for clinical physiology and nuclear medicine at the University of Southern Denmark.
Their focus was on repeated low doses of psilocybin that are much lower than the doses typically used in therapeutic settings.
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Microdosing has spread through stories and anecdotes on the Internet as a form of self-medication for various challenges, explained Prof. Palner, a coauthor of the study.
When tested on animals, repeated low doses were tolerated well and did not present signs of reduced pleasure (anhedonia, a symptom of depression when nothing seems fun anymore like it used), anxiety, or altered locomotor activity.
[That means someone is not high yet is benefiting from tiny amounts of the entheogenic substance ingested.]
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Notably, repeated low doses of psilocybin increased the rats’ resilience to stress, and [rats in a cage] displayed fewer compulsive behaviors.
The scientists also noted an increase in the number of connections [neuronal branches] to the thalamus region of the brain, which serves as a kind of filter for our decisions and concerns.
The team suggested that the change in connectivity to the thalamus may contribute to our enhanced resilience to stress factors and could explain why so many people report positive effects on their well-being from small doses of psychedelic mushrooms.
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It paves the way for additional research and potentially entirely new approaches to treating various mental disorders.
The increased anxiety and stress in society currently have placed a strong focus on microdosing, leading to a surge in the trade of mushrooms.
Countries such as the USA, Netherlands, Australia, and Canada have either legalized or are in the process of legalizing psilocybin for therapeutic treatment.
This is according to Prof. Palner, who became interested in researching psychedelic substances and psilocybin when he lived in California's Silicon Valley 11 years ago and witnessed the surge of self-improvement practices that garnered significant media attention and prompted more people to experiment with microdosing.
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