VisibleMantra.org (Prajñāpāramita-Hṛdayam Sūtra or "The Heart of the Perfection of Wisdom Discourse"); CC Liu, Ashley Wells, Dhr. Seven, Wisdom Quarterly
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| Reading about meditating is fun the way counting other people's riches is fun (Bankrate/WQ). |
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| Pronounced: Gaw-tay gaw-tay paā-ra-gaw-tay paā-ra-soṃ-gaw-tay boh-dee swaā-haā "Gone, gone, gone beyond, gone altogether beyond, oh what an awakening, so it is!" |
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| Buddhist Wisdom Books |
The calligraphy below is of the shorter version in Sanskrit in the artist's Siddhaṃ calligraphy (following Edward Conze's Sanskrit edition as it appears in Buddhist Wisdom Books).
See also the closing Heart Sūtra mantra (above), a paean that is the culmination, the very epitome of the sutra condensing an experience beyond words.
Sanskrit (translated from the original Chinese) version
See also the closing Heart Sūtra mantra (above), a paean that is the culmination, the very epitome of the sutra condensing an experience beyond words.
Sanskrit (translated from the original Chinese) version
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| Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya (visiblemantra.org) |
ārya-avalokiteśvaro bodhisattvo gambhīrāṃ prajñāpāramitā caryāṃ caramāṇo vyavalokayati sma:
panca-skandhās tāṃś ca svābhava śūnyān paśyati sma.
iha śāriputra: rūpaṃ śūnyatā śūnyataiva rūpaṃ; rūpān na pṛthak śūnyatā śunyatāyā na pṛthag rūpaṃ; yad rūpaṃ sā śūnyatā; ya śūnyatā tad rūpaṃ. evam eva vedanā saṃjñā saṃskāra vijñānaṃ.
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| Blank it. I don't get it! |
iha śāriputra: sarva-dharmāḥ śūnyatā-lakṣaṇā, anutpannā aniruddhā, amalā avimalā, anūnā aparipūrṇāḥ.
tasmāc chāriputra śūnyatayāṃ na rūpaṃ na vedanā na saṃjñā na saṃskārāḥ na vijñānam. na cakṣuḥ-śrotra-ghrāna-jihvā-kāya-manāṃsi. na rūpa-śabda-gandha-rasa-spraṣṭavaya-dharmāh. Na cakṣūr-dhātur. yāvan na manovijñāna-dhātuḥ. na-avidyā na-avidyā-kṣayo. yāvan na jarā-maraṇam na jarā-maraṇa-kṣayo. na duhkha-samudaya-nirodha-margā. Na jñānam, na prāptir na-aprāptiḥ.
tasmāc chāriputra aprāptitvād bodhisattvasya prajñāpāramitām āśritya viharatyacittāvaraṇaḥ. cittāvaraṇa-nāstitvād atrastro viparyāsa-atikrānto niṣṭhā-nirvāṇa-prāptaḥ.
tryadhva-vyavasthitāḥ sarva-buddhāḥ prajñāpāramitām āśrityā-anuttarāṃ samyaksambodhim abhisambuddhāḥ.
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| Wisdom Beyond Words |
tasmāj jñātavyam: prajñāpāramitā mahā-mantro mahā-vidyā mantro 'nuttara-mantro samasama-mantraḥ, sarva duḥkha praśamanaḥ, satyam amithyatāt. prajñāpāramitāyām ukto mantraḥ.
tadyathā: gate gate pāragate pārasaṃgate bodhi svāhā.
iti prajñāpāramitā-hṛdayam samāptam.
The Perfection of Wisdom
VisibleMantra.org
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| Heart (hrdaya) = essence, core |
It combines dhīḥ, the basic seed-syllable for the Perfection of Wisdom (prajñā-pāramitā) with ma, the seed-syllable for Mañjuśrī in the Shingon tradition....
It is now generally believed by scholars that the Heart Sutra was composed in China. The part from the first "Iha Shāriputra" down to "Na jñānam, na prāptir na-aprāptiḥ" was extracted from the Chinese translation of the Sanskrit "Perfection of Wisdom in 25,000 Lines Sutra" or the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra. (See Conze's The Large Sutra on Perfect Wisdom, p. 61, Section I 2.2c).
An introduction and ending were added in Chinese, along with the epitome mantra at the very end, which appears in various other Chinese Perfection of Wisdom texts in various forms. It is even possible that the Chinese title was meant to indicate a text to be chanted rather than "Heart Sūtra," as the Chinese characters have some ambiguity.
About the time that Xuanzang was in India (mid seventh century) the Heart Sutra was back-translated into Sanskrit in India, and it was given the standard opening of authentic Buddhist discourses for a sūtra, "Thus have I heard" (evaṃ maya śrutaṃ), which represents that Ven. Ananda heard the sutra from the historical Buddha and reported it at the First Buddhist Council just after the Buddha's passing into final nirvana.
Also added were the standard praises from the audience at the end, which are also the mark of a sūtra in India, thereby creating the long version. It is possible that it was Xuanzang himself who composed the Sanskrit version that we have today as he was a great fan of the sūtra. More
Heart Sutra Essays
- The Heart Sūtra - Indian or Chinese? Precis of Jan Nattier's 1992 article on the provenance of the Heart Sutra
- Words in mantras that end in -e The grammatical function of the -e case marker in mantras, suggesting that this is from Prakrit and indicates a masculine nominative singular
- Tadyathā in the Heart Sūtra Grammar and syntax of tadyathā in relationship to mantras. Not originally intended to be included in recitation
- Some Additional Notes: The -e ending in mantras Further note on the -e ending, which shows that it was in widespread us as nominative singular in Northern India [Signe Cohen]
- Heart Sutra Syntax Initial notes on a grammatical error discovered in Conze's critical edition of the Sanskrit Heart Sutra, with proposed changes to the text. Submitted to an academic journal
- Heart Sutra: Horiuzi Palm-leaf mss. Transcription An important Sanskrit manuscript of the Heart Sutra
- Emptiness for Beginners Brief explanation of the concept of emptiness based on close study of Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamkakārikā
- Heart Sutra Mantra Detailed notes on the source texts for the mantra found in the Heart Sutra. Definition of mantra vs. dhāraṇī with suggestion that the "mantra" is in fact a dhāraṇī
- Heart Sutra Mantra Epithets Notes on the epithets often associated with the mantra. Shows that "mantra" is probably the wrong Sanskrit word, and that the source texts, particularly Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra has "vidyā." Epithets are in fact unrelated to the dhāraṇī and refer to prajñāpāramitā more generally.
- Who translated the Heart Sutra into Sanskrit? Using idiosyncrasies in the language to place limits on who could have translated it from Chinese to Sanskrit
- Fixing Problems in the Sanskrit Heart Sūtra Given the problems created by translating from Chinese into Sanskrit, how would we improve on the present sutra?
- A New Sanskrit Heart Sutra A revision of the edition of the Heart Sutra by Edward Conze, with some back story, notes, and a new translation
- An Alternate Sanskrit Heart Sutra A speculative text based on extracts of the Gilgit manuscript of the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra
- Why is there a Dhāraṇī in the Heart Sūtra? Looking at dhāraṇī, attitudes of scholars and the role of magic in Buddhism through the lens of Ariel Glucklich's work
- Variations in the Heart Sutra in Chinese Examining a critique of Jan Nattier's Chinese origins thesis on the basis of variant readings in the Chinese Tripiṭaka ("Three Collections")
- The Act of Truth in Relation to the Heart Sutra Description of the saccakiriya or act of truth, an obscure branch of Buddhist lore and how it might inform the use of a text like the Heart Sutra
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