Earliest people of Los Angeles (the Tongva)

Sam Villa (TongvaPeople.org); Xochitl, Ashley Wells, Wisdom Quarterly

Spanish Roman Catholic invaders stole babies, abused children, enslaved/killed adults.

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A dynamic study of the Villages and Locations of the Tongva Indians

San Gabriel Mountain water flows to LA

Native American Tongva [renamed the Gabrielinos by European invaders] villages were located in the Los Angeles Basin for thousands of years.

These villages were located near and around the ever-changing Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana rivers as well as the coastal areas [and some of the Channel Islands].
 

This was a time when there was a perfect balance of the ecosystem, when fish and game were plentiful, and the Los Angeles River ran free with freshwater from the mountains.

 

Spanish/Mexican Ranchos (1800s)

Tongva settlements, villages, locations, rancherias, and lodges sometimes overlapped at their boundaries with neighboring Native American tribes such as the:

• Chumash
• Tataviam
• Serrano
• Cahuilla
• Juaneno
• Luiseno Indians. 

During the forced relocation and assimilation years, many Native Americans found refuge with these tribes.

 

ERAS:

• Spanish Era 1769-1821— (Mission Era 1769-1833)

• Mexican Era 1821-1848... More

• Sacred Spirit
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• Mission Indians