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| Cleopatra's Beauty Secrets: Nile Cosmetics |
Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (Koine Greek Κλεοπάτρα Θεά Φιλοπάτωρ, lit. "Cleopatra father-loving goddess" [Note 4]) lived from 69 BC–30 BC and was queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC, the last active Hellenistic pharaoh [Note 5].
A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, partner of Mark Antony, sufferer of mania from hyperthyroid disease (Graves' disease and Cosmetics or Kosmetikon), she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great [Note 6].
Her first language was Koine Greek, and she is the only Ptolemaic ruler known to have learned the Egyptian language, among eight others [Note 7].
After her death, Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire, marking the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean, which had begun during the reign of Alexander (336–323 BC) [Note 8]. More
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