Is everything due to past karma (action)?

Sabbamidaṁkammatotikathā — Shwe Zan Aung, C.A.F. Rhys Davids (Kv 17.3: SuttaCentral.net), Points of Controversy, 17.3 Of Everything as Due to Karma; Eds., Wisdom Quarterly

Karma (intention): a funny definition

Controverted point: That all this [that we are presently living and experiencing] is from [due to past] karma.

Theravādin: (PTS cs 17.3.1) Do you then include karma itself as due to karma [present actions are due to past actions rather than to present intention and choice]? And do you imply that all this is simply the result [vipaka and phala, resultant and fruit] of bygone causes? [If so] you are committed here to what you must deny.

(PTS cs 17.3.2) Again, you imply, by your proposition, that all this is not so much from [presently intended] karma as from the result of still earlier karma. If you deny, you deny your first proposition. If you assent, you imply that one may commit murder through not karma [a present intention], but the result of [previous] karma.

You assent? Then murder, though a result [phala], is itself productive of karmic result? You assent? Then the result of karma [vipaka] is productive of result? You deny? Then it is barren of result, and murder must a fortiori be barren of karmic result….

(PTS cs 17.3.3) This argument applies equally to other immoral [unskillful] acts — to theft, to wicked speech — lying, abuse, slander, and idle talk — to burglary, raiding, looting, highway robbery, adultery, destroying houses in village or town.

Karma, Rebirth, & Samsara (bps.lk)

It applies equally to moral acts: to giving gifts [letting go, sharing, donating, helping others] — e.g., giving the four necessaries to the religious [four requisites to monastics, food, clothing, shelter, and medicine].

If any of these is done as the result of karma, and themselves produce karmic result, then you are on the horns of this dilemma: that either result-of-karma can itself produce effects, which is heterodox [a heresy], or any good or bad deed has no karmic result, which is heterodox [heretical]….

Rājagirika, Siddhatthika: (PTS cs 17.3.4) But was it not said by the Exalted One [the historical Buddha]:

“'Tis karma makes the world go round,

Karma rolls on the lives of humans.

All beings are to karma bound

As lynchpin is to chariot-wheel.”

“By karma praise and fame are won.

By karma, too, birth, death, and bonds.

Who that this karma's diverse modes discerns

Can say, “There is no karma in this world”?

Hence surely all this is due to karma?