Ven. Nyanatiloka (Anton Gueth), Buddhist Dictionary: Manual of Terms and Doctrines (upakkilesa and sotapanna) edited by Dhr. Seven, Ashley Wells, Wisdom Quarterly
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| You stink of mental impurities! - I know, but I'm working on rooting them out. - That's great! |
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| I should have kept my word about purifying. |
In Buddhism the "impurities" (upakkilesas) or corruptions, imperfections, "defilements" (a word better reserved for translating the term kilesas) are 16 moral "impurities of the mind" mentioned and explained in MN 7 and MN 8. (See Wheel No. 61/62):
- covetousness-greed (abhijjhā-visamalobha)
- ill will (vyāpāda)
- anger (kodha)
- hostility (upanāha)
- denigration (makkha)
- domineering (palāsa)
- envy (issā)
- stinginess (macchariya)
- hypocrisy (māyā)
- fraud (sātheyya)
- obstinacy (thambha)
- presumption (sārambha)
- conceit (māna)
- arrogance (atimāna)
- vanity (mada)
- negligence (pamāda).
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| Some impurities pertain to meditation. |
There are three groups of impurities pertaining to meditation:
(A) Nine mental imperfections occurring in "one devoted to higher mental training" (a sikkha devoted to adhi-citta);
- three coarse ones: harmful physical, verbal, and mental conduct in deeds, words, and thoughts;
- three medium ones: thoughts of sensual desire, thoughts of ill will, thoughts of cruelty;
- three subtle ones: thoughts about one's relatives, one's country, and one's reputation (A.III.100).
(B) Eighteen imperfections in the practice of mindfulness of breathing,
mentioned in Pts.M., ānāpāna-kathā (translated in Ven. Ñānamoli
Thera's Mindfulness of Breathing, p. 60, BPS.lk).
(C) Ten "imperfections of insight" (insight-meditation, vipassana-ūpakkilesa);
see Visuddhi V.
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