Wrestling with God, May 6, 2023; Sheldon S., Ashley Wells (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly
The Oldest New Testament | The Discovery of the Codex Sinaiticus
For example, the resurrection narrative at the end of Mark (16:9–20) is absent from the Codex Sinaiticus.
One other omission in Codex Sinaiticus with theological implications is the reference to Jesus’ ascension in Luke 24:51.
In addition, Mark 1:1 in the original hand omits reference to Jesus being the "Son of God" [devaputra, "offspring of devas," "reborn among deities," "born among the celestial shining ones"] (biblicalarchaeology.org/d...).
Codex Sinaiticus
Luke 24:51 omits “carried up into heaven,” leaving no ascension in the Gospels.
Mark 1:1 adds the phrase “the Son of God” only above the line, as a later addition.
Luke 9:55–56: “But he turned and rebuked them. And they went to another village.”
Codex Sinaiticus
Matthew 24:36: “But of that day and
hour knoweth no man, neither the
angels of heaven, nor the Son, but
the Father only.”
Tischendorf’s chance finding of Codex Sinaiticus, the oldest New Testament manuscript, at St. Catherine’s Monastery in the Sinai — and his later removal of the manuscript — made him both famous and infamous.
Physically, Codex Sinaiticus is located in four places: the 43 original sheets in Leipzig; a few remnants forgotten in the Russian National Library; the majority of the text in the British Library; and approximately a dozen sheets that were later discovered after an earthquake at St. Catherine’s.
But the digital age has brought the entire manuscript back together in a virtual online museum at codexsinaiticus.org/en (biblicalarchaeology.org/d...)
Lost Bible chapter discovered using UV light
There's more to this old book? |
This text was originally translated as part of the Old Syriac translations about 1,500 years ago.
Moreover, the researchers believe that this fragment is the only known remaining piece of the fourth manuscript that attests to the Old Syriac version.
This text offers a “unique gateway” to the early phase in the history of the textual transmission of the Gospels.
The new discovery sheds light on differences in the information contained in translations.
For example, the original Greek of Matthew Chapter 12 Verse 1 says, “At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath; and his disciples became hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat,” whereas the Syriac translation says, “began to pick the heads of grain, rub them in their hands, and eat them.”
During the time when this text was written, there was a scarcity of parchment in the region, so pages were often reused by erasing the earlier Biblical text (greekreporter.com/2023/04/13/...).
David Friedrich Strauss (1808–1874) produced a truly remarkable work, The Life of Jesus Critically Examined in 1835.
It was both a theological bombshell and a literary work of unparalleled excellence.
The English translation by George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) is also a masterpiece. In his work, Strauss attempted to emancipate the natural from the supernatural. Like Reimarus, he rejected the miraculous and qualified revelation.
Strauss illustrates the dictum of Albert Schweitzer that critical scholarship "turned to the historical Jesus as an ally in the struggle against the tyranny of dogma" (Quest, 4).
The response to his work was immediate and violent. He lost his job as a teacher and was called Anti-Christ and Judas by opponents.
He was hounded by his critics until his death in 1874 (westarinstitute.org/edito...).
TAGS: the historical Jesus
James the brother of Jesus
the apostle Paul
Mary mother of Jesus
Mary Magdalene
the Dead Sea Scrolls
Hellenistic Religions and the Mystery Religions
Ancient Apocalypticism
the Book of Revelation
the Archaeology of Early Christianity
Digging up Ancient Jerusalem
Gnosticism
Lost Christianities
Introduction to Religious Studies
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