Showing posts with label sri lanka latest news. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sri lanka latest news. Show all posts

Sunday, April 21, 2019

BOMBS: Happy Easter from Sri Lanka (video)

DW; BBC News (BBC.com/news/world-asia); CBS News; Editors, Wisdom Quarterly


Pope Francis visits Buddhist monks in Sri Lanka to spread colonial-era Catholicism

Buddhist monk, Roman Catholic Pope Francis, and Hindu sadhu in Sri Lanka

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Sri Lanka explosions: More than 200 killed as churches and hotels targeted
Deadly explosions strike across Sri Lanka
At least 207 people have been killed and 450 hurt in explosions at Christian churches and secular hotels in predominantly Buddhist Sri Lanka, police say.
 
Eight blasts were reported, including at least three churches in the cities of Negombo, Batticaloa, and Colombo's Kochchikade district during Easter services.
The Shangri-La, Kingsbury, and Cinnamon Grand [Sri Lanka is the origin and source of cinnamon] hotels and one other, all in the capital, Colombo, were also targeted.

A national curfew has been put in place "until further notice," and social media networks have been temporarily blocked.
  • [NOTE: This was done to stem the spread of rumors on social media, in the event people want to jump to conclusions and blame Islamist radicals, which have never been a problem on the island, or the Hindu Tamil Tiger rebels with whom they fought the longest civil war in Asia, a war that wrapped up nearly a decade ago with many Hindus still being oppressed and abused by the Sinhalese Buddhist majority and the Sinhalese-dominated government, military, and police. It is possible that Buddhist extremists led by politicized monks are to blame.]
A foreign ministry official said 27 foreign nationals were among the dead.


Reports say seven people have been arrested, but it not yet clear who is responsible for the attacks.
 
Sri Lanka's defense minister has said the attacks were probably carried out by one group.

What's the latest from the scene?
Pope Francis in gold Buddhist robe, Sri Lanka
The first reports of explosions came at about 08:45 (03:15 GMT) local time -- with six blasts reported close together at churches and luxury hotels.

St. Sebastian's Church in Negombo was severely damaged in one explosion, with dozens killed at the site.

Images from inside showed blood on the pews and the building's ceiling shattered. More

Los Angeles, California, has an annual Sri Lanka Day in Pasadena (slday.com).

Thursday, January 15, 2015

Pope and Buddhist "fundamentalists" (audio)

Bhante, Dhr. Seven, Amber Larson, Pat Macpherson, Crystal Quintero, CC Liu, Wisdom Quarterly; Mitch Jeserich (KPFA FM, Berkeley); BBC.com; The World (pri.org); NPR (npr.org)
Theravada monks with Pope Francis as he visits Buddhist temple in Sri Lanka (jcourt.net).

Pope on sticks and stones: What did you call my mother? Bam! (Steviet7867.deviantart.com)
 
Pope Francis shows [his violent] side:
You'd better not insult my mother [or I will punch your face]
Pope Francis sits next to Hindu leader Ndu-Kurukkal Siva Sri T. Mahadeva during the Interreligious Encounter in Colombo, Sri Lanka on Jan. 13, 2015 (Stefano Rellandini/Reuters).
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Pope Francis made an adept, subtle move to win over a nation alienated by a legendary predecessor -- and then showed off his straight-talking side Thursday, telling reporters on a plane he would punch out someone who insulted his mother.



He said "Yo mama," and I punched him.
The issue came up in a talk from the pope to reporters en route from Sri Lanka to the Philippines. "No one,'' the pope said, referring to last week's assault on the satiric [French] magazine Charlie Weekly, ''can kill in the name of God. This is an aberration [unless it’s one of our Crusades then it’s just business as usual over at the Vatican where we kill and torture in the name of our God and have for 1,000 years].”
 
The pontiff added there were limits to freedom of expression, however. “One cannot react violently, but if (someone) says something bad about my mother, he can expect [me to react violently with] a punch. It’s to be expected,” Francis said.

Not a "good" Catholic but Catholic: Hitler
[So let's see if we have this straight. This Catholic pope, there being non-Catholic popes believe it or not, will violently slam you in the face for calling his mother "fat"? How about calling his God something? How about satire, how does he feel about that? Catholicism and Catholic Church leaders have always had an affinity for censorship and fascism, as when the Vatican befriended and encouraged Nazi Adolf Hitler and dictator Benito Mussolini, both themselves nominal Catholics.]

Buddhist monks welcome Pope Francis (JC)
“There are a lot of people who speak badly about other religions. They make fun of them. What happens is what happens with my friend (who insults my mother). There is a limit.”
 
The long exchange followed a successful trip to Sri Lanka, in which he made a key symbolic addition on Wednesday: a quick visit to a Buddhist temple in the capital, Colombo. The pontiff removed his shoes and listened respectfully while monks chanted and prayed, and his hosts treated him to a rare view of some relics of descendants of the Buddha.
 
The brief temple stopover speaks to the success of Francis' two-day trip to Sri Lanka. The last papal visit to the South Asian island nation was 20 years ago, and Pope John Paul II was boycotted by Buddhist leaders on that occasion. More
 
Pope Francis releases dove while he visited a shrine in Madhu. He said there must be "reparation" for the "evil" Sri Lanka has suffered during its 26-year-long civil war (AFP/BBC).
Buddhist "elder" (thera), Pope Francis (center), Hindu swami bow heads as the Argentinian pontiff met leaders from many religious groups on Tuesday in Sri Lanka (Reuters/BBC).
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Soft dictator "King" Rajapaksa's coup failed.
Pope Francis I is in Buddhist Sri Lanka, an island off the southern tip of India that is 70% Theravada Buddhist and a stronghold of early Indian Buddhist tradition.

He is there to rally 7% of the population, which is Christian, and to promote or at least give lip service to "reconciliation" among the formerly warring Buddhist Sinhalese (70%) and Hindu Tamils formerly struggling to split the island in two to have their own homeland (Tamil Eelam) in the north, just across the strait from the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

But a larger issue has arisen on the island during what was once Asia's longest running civil war: the ridiculous rise of "fundamentalist" Buddhist monastics and their lay supporters who resent the island long established Muslim minority.

The nearby Maldives were once Buddhist strongholds but were converted, it is said, when a Muslim merchant boat with Muslim saints was shipwrecked there. Muslims have long lived alongside Buddhists, Hindus, Christians, Catholics, secularists, tourists, and the tiny and diminishing indigenous population of original aboriginal animists.
 
Are popes idiotic, hypocritical, or what?
Bravo, bravo to some acts of violence. And let's make the ETs Catholic! (thewire.com)
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Catholic view: St. Michael (freerepublic.com)
Isn't it amazing how many times the great pontiffs put their foot in their mouths?
 
The Nazi Pope, the traitorous and hated retired Pope Benedict, was bad enough writing in his memoirs how he and his brother were members of the Hitler Youth, which much embarrassed the corporation's officials within the Vatican who then went on to lie in trying to deny it. But there it is in writing and widely published.

Now we get this great pope, but he goes around fondling and washing young boys' feet and calling it an act of "humility," holds and kisses baby boys in creepy ways, says "Who am I to judge?" when it comes to his fellow gay bishops and child molesting priests in the Catholic Church, denies nuns advancement and females a better place in the church, then says he wants to baptize space aliens when they arrive.

(He did not say if they arrive because he surely knows they are already here and have been for a long time, and the Church will eventually make the announcement because no one believes governments -- like England and Canada -- that disclose their official secret UFO files).

Pope in Asia: This is how I'd punch him if he called my mother a name (BBC video).

If this pope is not an idiot, which he probably is NOT, is he a hypocrite? Case in point: He goes to Buddhist Sri Lanka, with its own Buddhist "fundamentalist" hypocrites, to preach "truth and reconciliation" to the Buddhists and Hindus after a long civil war and to canonize the island's first "saint" -- then he ends up criticizing the Charlie Hebdo attackers AND in the same breath stating he would punch someone in the face for calling his mother a name.

On other occasions he, or his PR firm, say he has been misquoted or his words mistranslated. What will they say for him this time? [Today on The BBC Newshour (Jan. 15, 2015 podcast) and The World the rationalizing/PR damage control began by saying something to the effect of those Latins, unlike we Anglo-Saxons, have a frisky way of speaking, not literal like us.]

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Q: Patty, Sandy, is this pope an example of how Catholics really are (like that Catholic website that quotes Jesus as saying he didn't come to Earth to do anything but wage war, allegedly a biblical passage), or is he an idiot, or a hypocrite? A: That's hard to say. He's much better than the previous pope, but he's no John Paul II, who almost singlehandedly dismantled the Church and its central tenets while being beloved by the whole world like the 14th Dalai Lama.  

Q: So not an idiot and not a great Catholic...a hypocrite then? A: Possibly. But a goodhearted one! Q: And why are so many of the right wing maniacs at FOX News Roman Catholic? A: Maybe they're trying to prove their mettle to FOX's largely white Evangelical Christian fundamentalist-leaning viewers. Q: Yeah, then, why not be fundamentalists?

A: That's hard to say for sure, but even if Puritans burned witches in Salem, they still didn't do half of what Catholics have done and still do in the name of religion -- wars, misogyny, torture, Crusades, Inquisitions, helping Hitler, anti-Semitism, fascism, corporate theocracy, hypocrisy, continuing the countless crimes of the "Holy" Roman Empire. Joining FOX News just seems like a nature offshoot of that behavior. Ask Garrison Keillor (see below). Sure there's angry Bill O'Reilly to be embarrassed about, but what about FOX's rabid Roman Catholic Judge Jeanine Pirro? All those Sunday masses and all that plastic surgery just to spew such venom? Fear mongering about a "reverse-Crusade" coming back to bite us:

FOX News' Roman Catholic Pirro: "We need to kill them. We need to KILL them...You're in danger, I'm in danger. We're at war...Our job is to arm those Muslims to the teeth" (FOX).
  
Entrance to Buddha Dambulla Cave, Sri Lanka (Richard Silver/rjsnyc/flickr.com)
Sri Lanka was once an idyllic place, enchanted and full of serendipity, but was ruined by war.
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The disastrous "Buddha Power Army"
Sri Lankan novelist Nayomi Munaweera helps expose fundamentalists (nytimes.com).
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Stupa decorating (sundaytimes.lk)
AUDIO: Nayomi Munaweera, author of Island of a Thousand Mirrors, on the embarrassing "Buddhist fundamentalists," war crimes of the ousted political family, and strange recent Sri Lankan elections, where the winner seems to have come out of nowhere. The new leader was inserted into the process in November and is now in office with a mandate, after an alleged 80% of the island's electorate turned out to vote -- the typical pattern of a selection rather than election.

Who meddled in Sri Lanka's democracy? The usual suspects used to be India and the UK but now it looks like it may have been the USA. Letters and Politics (Jan. 13, 2015, 10:00 am download this clip (MP3, 10.27 MB) or PLAY clip on computer's media player. Also on this episode, "The Battle for Radio" with Victor Prickard, author of America’s Battle for Media Democracy. 
Why does Sri Lanka have Catholics?
Newly minted "St. Vaz" of Sri Lanka holds disfigured crucifix of Catholic God (AP).
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Get me Vaz, I need Vaz before I visit.
(WQ) The Island of Lanka (Ceylon, Serendib) has long been attractive to merchants and European imperialists such as the Portuguese, Dutch, and British, who set up a fort at Galle and a large stronghold in Goa, India. Joseph Vaz was born in Goa and came to Sri Lanka to spread Catholicism.
  • Born in Portuguese colony of Goa in 1651, arrived in Sri Lanka in 1687
  • Jailed multiple times by Dutch authorities for helping Catholics, dressed as a beggar to hide himself
  • Produced prayer books in Sinhalese and Tamil
  • By his death in 1711 he had earned himself the title Apostle of Sri Lanka
Pagan glory in Catholic hands.
Who was Sri Lanka's first canonized Catholic saint? One is voted into sainthood in Catholicism, which is not nearly as difficult as it used to be when the Vatican had the Office of the Devil's Advocate, its actual name, to test, verify, and debunk claims of sainthood from proposed candidates. Without anyone formally adopting the contrary position in an adversarial legal system, it is only a matter of popularity, money, and expediency to get canonized. For example, just about anything will count for a "miracle." Vaz died centuries ago, I get told by my doctor that I have diabetes, I pray to Vaz, "OH, cure my diabetes!" On my next check up I'm fine. Miracle! MIRACLE!

We rule Europe and the world like royalty!
He's a saint, a saint, canonize him quick! This testimony by me will be put in Vaz's file as proof of sainthood, no Devil's Advocate will come and question me or possibly even verify my claim at all. But Vaz would not be canonized for that. No, he would be canonized for political reasons when a pope visits a land the Church wishes to advance Catholicism. That's why he gets rushed to the front of the canonization line. And what does Catholicism even think a "saint" is? From what we have been able to gather, if one is in heaven then one is a saint. That's it. That's all. Surely the connotation is wider than that, but the denotation does not seem to amount to any more than that.
  • Sri Lanka statistics: +70% Buddhist, 12% Hindu, 9% Muslim, 7% Christian/Roman Catholic, less than 1% aboriginal.
Say You’re One of Them, Nayomi
(New York Times, 9-26-14)
In one of the many startling scenes in Island of a Thousand Mirrors, Nayomi Munaweera’s first [fictionalized] novel [based on real life events], a Sri Lankan girl riding the train to school is suddenly surrounded by a machete-wielding [Buddhist] mob, who demand proof she isn’t [a minority Hindu] Tamil.

In her panic, she recites the Buddhist sutras “preaching unattachment, impermanence, the [impersonal nature of life and] death,” an unholy trinity that could apply to all civil wars.

This chilling exchange reminded me of a conversation I once had on a London bus with a Somali refugee, who swerved from banal chitchat into dark reminiscence. He recalled a moment in Mogadishu when he was forced to recite his genealogy, the string of grandfathers’ names that place all Somalis within their clans, and he borrowed a school friend’s lineage, as his own would have marked him for death.

Rajapaksa: I kept the civil war going, like past leaders, to consolidate my powers. Then I ended it decisively with war crimes. Then when you wouldn't vote me into a third term, I planned a coup de tat, which failed because the military wouldn't back my plan.
 
The weight of these humiliations, momentary yet everlasting, is the ballast of a narrative that ebbs and flows in time and space.

From the maternal expanse of the Indian Ocean to the sterile swimming pools of Los Angeles [with its large Sri Lankan Sinhalese Buddhist population], the lives of Munaweera’s characters are defined by bodies of water that reflect the state of their [minds], including the corpse-clogged wells and lagoons of the Tamil north and the playful shores of the Sinhal[ese] south, alive with flying fish and ancient turtles. More

Pope Francis disembarks from the plane upon his arrival at the airport in Manila, Philippines, on Wednesday. In comments to reporters aboard the plane, Francis said though the attack on Charlie Hebdo magazine was an "aberration," free speech "cannot make provocations," especially against people's faith.
Jet set pope does Asia hop from Buddhist to Catholic lands. Seen here arriving in Philippines, the most Catholic place in Asia (Ettore Ferrari/EPA/LANDOV).

Pope Francis backs freedom of speech -- but "within limits"
Krishnadev Calamur (NPR, Jan. 15, 2015)
The pontiff said there are limits to freedom of speech, especially when it concerns religion. He was answering a question about the deadly attack on the French satirical magazine Charlie Weekly.

Pope Francis says there are limits to freedom of speech, especially when it comes to someone's religion, in comments aboard the Papal Plane that made reference to the deadly attack last week on the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo.
 
Francis defended freedom of speech, calling it a fundamental human right, but said it must not cause offense.
 
"It is true we cannot react violently," he told reporters today en route to the Philippines. "But if Dr. [Alberto] Gasbarri here, a great friend, were to say something insulting against my mother, a punch awaits him."
 
Gasbarri, the official who organizes papal trips, was standing next to the pope at the time of the comments.
 
"You cannot make provocations," Francis added. "You cannot insult people's faith." More

Wednesday, January 14, 2015

Buddhist Sri Lanka avoids dictatorship

Scott Neuman (NPR.org, Jan. 11, 2015); Wisdom Quarterly
Sri Lanka's soft dictator Rajapaksa tried to become hard dictator with coup de tat.
Sri Lanka's ancient pre-Buddhist women, Sigiriya mountain (Stefaan & Eric/flickr.com)

Sri Lanka's transition of power maybe not so peaceful after all
When NPR reported last week that Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa had been defeated in nationwide elections, reports were that Asia's longest serving leader willingly handed over the reins to his rival.
  • Treason? Pres. Rajapaksa leaves after casting ballot in last week's election. The new gov't says that contrary to reports of a peaceful transition when Rajapaksa lost, the long-time leader tried to stay in power by force (Pradeep Dilruckshana/AP). 
Rajapaksa, who had ruled since 2005, even tweeted that he looked forward to a "peaceful transition of power" to erstwhile ally President Maithripala Sirisena, who won by just under 4 percent of the vote.
 
Indeed, as the BBC notes, Rajapaksa had "been widely praised for conceding defeat to Sirisena before the final results were announced."

But it turns out that he may not have been so eager to go after all.

Sirisena's newly sworn-in government on Sunday accused the former president of trying to stage an eleventh-hour military clampdown after the results of Thursday's poll were known.

"People think it was a peaceful transition. It was anything but," presidential aide Mangala Samaraweera told reporters on Sunday.

At a news conference, Samaraweera said that Rajapaksa had tried to persuade army and police chiefs to help him thwart the election outcome. The bid crumbled only when Army Chief Lt. Gen. Daya Ratnayake "did not want to do anything against democracy at that decisive time," Samaraweera said.

The army chief stood firm despite orders from Rajapaksa and his brother, then-Defense Chief Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, to send troops into the streets, the presidential aide said.

The Indian daily The Hindu contacted Gen. Ratnayake to ask him about the allegations, but the army chief declined to confirm the report.

"I can't comment on that; it is very sensitive. You have to check with the politicians," Ratnayake reportedly told The Hindu. The general did say, however, that if the government initiated an inquiry, the army would cooperate, the newspaper says.

Tuesday, July 23, 2013

Sri Lanka: Sinhalese started civil war on Tamils

Wisdom Quarterly; BBC News (bbc.co.uk, July 23, 2013)
Lush, subtropical Sri Lanka ("holy land"): Lion's Rock, Sigiriya (hellotravel.com)
Majority Sinhalese mob violence devastation (AP/BBC.co.uk)
 
Sri Lanka (left), Theravada Buddhist map
EDITORIAL: In America we were raised to believe the majority Buddhist Sinhalese were innocent victims of minority Hindu Tamil extremism. But it never added up. Prime Ministers were revealed to be supporting the insurgency to attack it, kill many, and gain police state controls over the island's population. Our own visits to the island also showed that the Tamils were an oppressed ethnic minority mistreated by soldiers, police, and secret agents -- family members disappeared, females attacked, whole families slaughtered. The blood would run for three decades with hypocrisy on the Sinhalese side, nationalism and racism (xenophobia) running rampant, Buddhist monks becoming involved against all the Buddha's admonitions, British post-colonialism adding to the fire, and an endless series of attacks and retaliations by a dominant group wielding almost all of the power against an oppressed group and the holocaust that followed resulting in a giant camp into which Tamils were concentrated in the final putsch of the civil war, now put to rest Asia's longest civil war.

Adam's Peak, Sri Lanka (hellotravel.com)
(BBC) Thirty years ago, Tamil separatists stepping up militant attacks in northern Sri Lanka killed 13 soldiers [in retaliation for countless abuses] who reported for duty only a day earlier.

Over the next few days, [inciting to riot and using this killing as a pretext] mobs of the Sinhalese majority took revenge, killing between 400 and 3,000 Tamils around the country and triggering a civil war that lasted 26 years and [forced] hundreds of thousands of Tamils into exile. 
Tamil Jaffna, Sinhalese Colombo (BBC)
The BBC's Charles Haviland reports on the legacy of what came to be known as "Black July."
 
In the stillness of a Colombo [the capital of Sri Lanka] afternoon, as a clock chimes three, an elderly woman looks back 30 years and remembers.

"There was a first mob of about 80-odd young guys with iron rods and things. They were in a frenzy, obviously under the influence of alcohol; they smashed up [Tamil businesses and homes], and then came the next lot to loot."
 
"Priya Balachandran" -- the BBC has changed her name as she prefers anonymity -- recalls the time Colombo and much of southern Sri Lanka seemed gripped by madness. 
 
[Sinhalese] Mob violence was wrought on [Tamil] people, most of whom had little idea what was happening in the north. Like other Tamils, Ms. Balachandran was on the receiving end.

Sharing lunch with her mother, son, and a Sinhalese neighbor, she saw shops ablaze over the road and realised the mob were approaching.  

“The war of 30 years has taught both sides equally, I think. They have gone through enough suffering.”
- Priya Balachandran Member of the island's Tamil community

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

Buddhist Island deploys troops on protesters

Wisdom Quarterly; ColomboPage News (Dec. 14, 2011); Buddhanet.net
Emerging anti-government protests in Dambulla, Cave Temple, Sri Lanka (hellotravel.com)

There is trouble in paradise. The Buddhist island nation and former British colony of Sri Lanka ("sacred land"), the teardrop on the tip of India, is still recovering from the longest civil war in Asia when it fought Hindu rebels.

It recently settled that decades-old Sinhalese-Tamil dispute with drastic measures and widespread abuses by its democratically-elected government in spite of the president dressing like a king.

Now that same nominally-Buddhist government is deploying troops against its own farmers who are protesting new governmental regulations.

The capital of Colombo has deployed troops to two towns to control farmers' agitations, explains military spokesman Brigadier Nihal Hapuarachchi.

The military spokesman has told Sri Lanka's national news agency Lankapuvath that a contingent consisting 200 soldiers have been sent to Dambulla (pictured above) and 100 soldiers to Bandarawela.

The troops have been deployed to support the local police to maintain "law and order" in areas where farmers have launched protests against a law that went into effect last month requiring them to transport their fresh produce in plastic or wooden crates.

Occupy the Island?
Meanwhile, thousands of traders protested the government regulation to transport fruit and vegetables in plastic crates for a third day in downtown Colombo paralyzing business.

The traders sat in the middle of the road blocking traffic and creating huge traffic jams. They demanded the government withdraw the new regulation.

The Minister of Internal Trade, however, vowed to uphold it. According to the government, the improper transport of fresh produce has resulted in wastage amounting to billions of rupees. Source

(Image: Travel-to-Sri-Lanka blog)

What's so special about SRI LANKA?
Sri Lanka, once known as Serendip, is a land of many surprises. Its majority Sinhalese trace their roots and their Buddhism to the "Aryan" Buddhist region of Afghanistan.

Indeed, their tall Buddha statues echo those found in Bamiyan, Afghanistan, possibly in the vicinity of the original Kapilavastu, on the northwestern Indian frontier where Siddhartha grew up.

The island was the source of a strange spice the British could neither get enough nor find the source of -- cinnamon. It has singing fish, massive tea plantations, aborigines (Nagas), surfing, and UFO visitors from Indian mythology, having been the home of child-friendly sci-fi master Arthur C. Clarke.

Most importantly, it is the storehouse of ancient Indian Buddhism preserved in writing on ola palm leaves stored in massive white mound reliquaries. Buddhaghosa, the ultimate Buddhist scholar, commentator, and author of The Path of Purification, came to Sri Lanka from India to recover Buddhist teachings from sources only preserved on the island in ancient times.

In the island's self-serving chronicles (poetic histories), Sri Lankans believe that the Buddha meant for the island to serve as an enduring repository of the Dharma, and their mission as Buddhists continues to be to spread that message. Sinhalese Buddhists in America from Washington DC to Los Angeles are fully enlisted in this belief.

Amazing Buddhist History!
Buddhanet.net
Sri Lanka is the oldest continually Buddhist country. Theravada Buddhism is the major island tradition since its official introduction in the 2nd Century BC by the enlightened missionary mon Ven. Mahinda, son of the great Indian Buddhist Emperor Ashoka. This took place during the reign of King Devanampiya- Tissa.

Asoka's daughter, the Indian Buddhist nun Sanghamitta, brought a branch of the original Bodhi Tree and planted it in Anuradhapura. From that time on, Buddhists in Sri Lanka have revered it. The original Indian tree was destroyed by Muslim fanatics but replanted in India from a cutting taken from Sri Lanka. So one can still go to either land and sit under a descendant of the original tree Siddhartha used to reach supreme enlightenment.

Monks from Sri Lanka have had an important role in spreading both Theravada and Mahayana throughout Southeast Asia. In the 1st century AD, during the reign of King Vatta Gamini, Buddhist monastics assembled in Aloka Monastery and wrote down the Tripitaka, the three divisions (baskets) of the Buddha's Teachings, now known as the Pali Canon, for the first time.

Sri Lankan nuns introduced the Sangha of Buddhist nuns to China in 433 AD. In the 16th Century the Catholic Portuguese conquered Sri Lanka and savagely persecuted Buddhism as did the Christian Dutch who followed them. When the British Empire took over at the beginning of the 19th century, Buddhism was on the decline. This encouraged British missionaries that then began to flood the island. More

Empire and the Spread of Buddhism
Wisdom Quarterly
An unintended consequence of invasion and colonization
is that invaders take the spiritual traditions they find out into the world:
  • the American Empire and Japanese Buddhism (Zen),
  • Chinese Empire and Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana),
  • British Empire and Indian Buddhism,
  • Roman Empire and Judeo-Christianity...
We have Buddhism in excellent English thanks largely to the work of early British and European scholars who translated the ancient texts they found as their empires plundered new lands.

This may be how history is meant to be. A famous German Buddhist nun in Sri Lanka, Ayya Khema, wrote a book with an interesting title (When the Iron Eagle Flies: Buddhism for the West). Its title derives from an ancient Tibetan prophesy that Buddhism would reach the outside world when there were planes in the sky ("iron eagles" that could fly).