Let's kill this woman together? (Pike)

LIVE: Tennessee to carry out first execution of a woman in 200 years with the state-sponsored exhibition-murder of Christa Pike

• UPDATE: “Cruel amd torturous”: Christa Pike in critical condition after botched Tennessee execution | Democracy Now!

• Christa Pike spoke about botched executions weeks before surviving lethal injection (NY Post)
• Christa Pike laughed and sang during botched execution — then had 'the best sleep of her life': witness
• Christa Pike alive after botched execution: Live updates

State's attempted murder fails

"Nothing about today was normal...we could hear a little crying...at times"

(WBIR Channel 10) Condemned prisoner Christa Gail Pike is still

breathing (snoring loudly) after two deadly lethal injection doses

LIVE: Tennessee to carry out execution of Christa Pike

Christa Pike alive after botched execution: Live updates

What results from collective karma?

(WSMV 4 Nashville) Streamed live 6:00 pm. The U.S. Supreme Court appointed and under corrupt Republican Pres. Don Trump has decided to allow Tennessee to follow through on its delayed state-sanctioned murder execution of Christa Gail Pike. Read the full story: wsmv.com/2026/09/30/tns-o...

• WHAT HAPPENED? Tennessee is set to execute a woman for the first time in 200 years (NPR) But something goes wrong, and she is heard snoring loudly. So they inject her again. And she snores again, even more loudly.

Peaceful demonstrators gather during March 4th "mercy demonstration" to stop death penalty in front of Tennessee State Capitol, Sunday, Sept. 27, 2026, in Nashville, Tenn. ahead of the Sept. 30th scheduled execution of Christa Pike (George Walker IV/AP)

• What does KARMA mean? | Wisdom Quarterly
• Wisdom Quarterly opposes the death penalty
• Christa Gail Pike: Killed for love and Satan?

Nature/God says "no" to killing Christa?

Time to end USA's barbaric death penalty

Capital punishment, also known as "the death penalty," formerly called judicial homicide [1, 2], which was changed because it sounded too much like it is, MURDER BY WE THE PEOPLE, is the state-sanctioned killing.

This kind of murder, which is really called the democide of a person as "punishment" for actual, suspected, or supposed misconduct [3].

The sentence ordering that an offender be "punished" in such a manner is called a death sentence, and the act of carrying it out is an execution.

A prisoner who has been sentenced to death and awaits execution is condemned and is commonly referred to as being "on death row" and while alive is usually referred to by cruel staff and fellow inmates as "dead man walking."

Etymologically, the term capital (lit. "of the head," a reference to decapitation, derives from the Latin capitalis, from caput, "head") refers to execution by beheading [4].

But there are various other methods of execution the state and its agents and cheerleaders enjoy -- all of them guilty, without seeming to know it or to care about it, of grave karmic offenses.

For to applaud, approve of, promote, speak in praise of, enable, and/or argue for, even in ignorance, will lead the doers to thereby face misery unutterable when their karma of grave wrong speech -- which is tantamount to murder (like a leader yelling "Fire!" in front of a death squad during an execution -- ripens and bears its bitter fruit in this and/or future lives. More

COMMENTARY

"Hang him high!" scream the murderers.

For readers who find this hard if not impossible to believe, consider the case of Buddhist monks and nuns. Unlike ordinary Buddhists who uphold the Five Precepts (to abstain from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, wrong speech, and consuming intoxicants that occasion heedlessness), they by their ordination hold themselves up to a higher standard. That means between 227-311 monastic rules, and countless additional rules of etiquette and conduct. Among all those hundreds of precepts and observations, there are FOUR extremely important "defeat" offenses (parajikas).

Foremost among these is killing. So the question comes up, "What constitutes 'killing'?" As detailed in the Vinaya (Monastic Disciplinary Code), if a monastic were to so much as praise abortion, euthanasia, suicide, or any other kind of killing and it were to result in someone dying (by abortion, suicide, euthanasia, etc.) that monastic would instantly be guilty of the most grave defeat offense, murder, killing, wrong speech. That person would instantly not be a monk or nun and could never re-ordain in this lifetime. This person would face the karmic consequences of killing. How then could anyone think that encouraging, enabling, defending, praising, or otherwise promoting killing in the case of the death penalty (capital punishment) is a trivial or defensible thing?

There are only three reasons for bad karma (unskillful actions), and they are greed, hatred (which includes fear), and delusion (affection/attachment or aversion/cowardice or delusion/ignorance. One speaks and acts in ignorance with an aversion to murder and the murderer and thereby becomes a party to murder and therefore a murderer. What kind of foolishness is this? We will say we are innocent, that we didn't know, that we didn't mean it, that we were only following God's injunction and biblical interpretations by evil men and bad men of the church, patriarchs, fools... It will not matter. We will be guilty of murder just the same. Now one may bring up this poorly worded term "mercy killing" (a euphemism for euthanasia) and defend it, even as one has made excuses to imagine that abortion is fine and even good.

But I don't want to be killed. - Then don't kill.

Why would euthanasia, which we imagine is motivated by mercy, goodness, wanting to save money, not wanting to see someone suffer, offering them "dignity" to spare us and save themselves any embarrassment... The fact is when killing -- by drugging, injecting, pulling the plug, depriving the dying of nourishment or water or warmth (as by the ancient killing method of exposure) or air, suffocating, or use of an automatic Kevorkian device (Jack's Thanatron) -- one necessarily needs aversion, even if for the decisive moment of injecting, administering deadly drugs, pulling the cord, and so on. Because that intentional, willful act is accompanied by aversion, the doer is guilty of murder/killing and so faces the results at some time in the future, even if one is praised now or deludedly imagines oneself an "angel" of death with the strength and courage to "kill for the good."

Female teachers who molest children

(Mr.BodyCam) When American female teachers turn out to be child sexual predators

This little boy forced himself on me, Officer!

SEXUAL MISCONDUCT is misbehavior of a sexual nature that exists on a spectrum [1] that may include a broad range [2] of sexual behaviors considered unwelcome.

This includes conduct considered inappropriate on an individual or societal basis of morality [3], sexual harassment, and/or criminal sexual assault.

However generally [3], from a purely legal standpoint, sexual misconduct is a "lay term" [3] that represents a boundary that has been broken, dictated by a moral set of conduct [1], particularly where the situation is normally non-sexual and therefore unusual for sexual behavior, or where there is some aspect of personal power (like a teacher-student relationship) or authority that makes sexual behavior inappropriate.

I'm not a rapist! I was just on a horny power trip.

A common theme, and the reason for the term "misconduct," is that these violations occur during work or in a situation of a power imbalance (such as sexual harassment by a boss or authority figure) [3].

The alleged misconduct can be of various degrees, such as exposure of breasts and genitals, assault, aggressive come-ons, pleading, or even mere inattentiveness to nonverbal cues of discomfort [4].

The "definition of sexual misconduct is far from clear," and it is a "lay term, sometimes used in institutional policies or by professional bodies," to deal with cases marked by power imbalance, coercion, and predatory behavior" [5]. More

When is it "rape"?

I'm just looking, J. - Soon you'll be touching, D.

STATUATORY RAPE is sexual activity in which one of the individuals is below the age of consent, which mean the age required to legally consent to sexual activity.

Although the term statutory rape usually refers to adults engaging in sexual contact with minors under the age of consent, it is a generic term, and very few jurisdictions use it in the language of statutes.

In statutory rape, no overt force or threat is usually present. Statutory rape laws presume coercion because a minor or mentally disabled adult is legally incapable of giving consent to the sexual act.

• Age of consent differs all over country and world

Age of consent

What country are we in? - Why? - It's an island?

In many jurisdictions, the "age of consent" is interpreted to mean mental or functional age [1]. As a result, victims can be of any chronological age if their "mental age" makes them unable to consent to a sexual act [1, 2, 3]. More

Asian criminals driving Bentley caught

(William Reports News) California mayor indicted as FBI informant

and inisder turns on her -- and now she faces 95 years in prison

Why we humans drink alcohol (science)

(Before Civilization) Ancient humans may have been drunk every single day

Ah, man, the Five Precepts say no drinking?

The Five Buddhist Precepts (Etsy)

The fifth of the Five Precepts the Buddha advised humans to adopt is to abstain from intoxicants that occasion heedlessness such as alcohol, drugs, and such substances [12, 13].

The Five Precepts (guidelines for morality, virtue, human ethics, harmlessness, ahimsa) are called pañca-sīla, binding on all Buddhist laypeople. They are to abstain and refrain from:

1. killing any living being
2. stealing (taking what is not given)
3. sexual misconduct
4. false speech (which means speaking falsehoods or lying and malicious speech, harsh speech, and frivolous speech or "animal talk"* mislabeled as gossip)
5. the use of intoxicants (such as beer and spirits or surāmeraya).

• Five Precepts or Training Rules (sikkhāpada)

Avoid doing all harm and be happy.

Early Buddhist texts nearly always condemn alcohol as do Chinese Buddhist later post-canonical texts (of the Mahayana tradition).

Smoking is sometimes also included here. In modern times, traditional Buddhist countries have seen revival movements to promote the Five Precepts, the least good karma if we hope to ever be reborn on the human plane again and avoid the subhuman planes.

What are the Five Precepts?

In the West, the precepts play a major role in Buddhist organizations. They have also been integrated into mindfulness training programs -- though many modern "mindfulness" specialists, having changed the definition of "mindfulness" (which the Buddha called sati) to something that better suits them -- do not support this because of the precepts' spiritual religious import.

Lastly, many conflict prevention programs make use of the precepts. More

What do we do when drinking other than "animal talk"?

Back off, Bich! - Don't call me 'bich,' Birdbrain!

*What is "animal talk"? It is lowly speech, literally "beastly talk," the name the sutras (ancient texts) give for the following: "Talk about:

• rulers and robbers [criminals in and out of office, like kings and robber barons],
• politicians and armies,
• dangers and wars,
• eating and drinking,
• fashion (frivolous clothing) and dwellings,
• garlands and scents (baubles and cosmetics),
• relationships (relatives),
• vehicles (chariots),
• villages and markets (real estate and shopping),
• towns and districts,
• women and heroes,
• street talk,
• gossipy talk by the well,
• talk about the departed from days gone by,
• tittle-tattle,
• talk [speculation] about [the origin of the] world and ocean,
• and talk about gain and loss" (A.X.69, etc.) 

In the Commentaries, four further kinds of low talk are enumerated, bringing the total to 32 varieties, namely:

1. talk about sensual enjoyment,
2. self-mortification (tapas, penances),
3. existing eternally (Eternalism)
4. self-annihilation (Annihilationism).

• Ireland before the discovery of distilled alcohol or whiskey (Family Guy)
• Family Guy (Irish comedy clips); Before Civilization (video); Ven. Nyanatiloka (Dictionary of Buddhist Terms, sikkhāpada and tiracchāna-katha) edited by Dhr. Seven, Amber Larson, Pat Macpherson, Ananda (Dharma Buddhist Meditation), Wisdom Quarterly

Korean AI robot ordains as Buddhist monk

Meet Robot Monk ‘Gabi’: South Korea’s First Humanoid Robot Which Is Learning Spirituality

• 

  Can statues be monks, too? No.

  South Korea’s first robot monk joins Buddhist ceremony; internet split over AI in religion About 130 cm tall and dressed in traditional Buddhist robes, Gabi took part in an ordination ceremony alongside senior monks at Jogye Temple.
• Humanoid robot monk ‘Gabi’ introduced at Seoul South Korean Buddhist temple, triggers online debate Humanoid robots are often designed to assist people in workplaces like factories, warehouses, and offices. But in South Korea, one such robot is now stepping into an entirely different role—that of a Buddhist monk. According to Reuters, a temple in Seoul recently introduced its first humanoid robot monk named "Gabi" ahead of the Buddha’s birthday celebrations, sparking curiosity and debate online.

Robots can't be Buddhist monks

Bow to me, Bar-buh-ruh. Pay respect to the robe. - Well, if I have to. Who ordained you?

.

From a Theravada perspective, this would not be a real monk for various reasons right off the top of one's head for anyone familiar with the Vinaya Collection. For one, it's not human, and Buddhist ordination is reserved for human beings: no reptilians (naga-shapeshifters) allowed. At least one nāga tried to ordain and when found out was disrobed. It is also said that no pandakas ("eunuchs") are allowed. Is the robot Gabi neutered? If so, it could not be ordained. This is tragic because pandaka does not really mean "eunuch" as we understand the word in the West but culturally does include perverted eunuchs in the East. A pandaka is a sexually perverted person, more of an out-of-control pansexual, bisexual, homosexual, and possibly a libertine heterosexual unable by nature to control his/her sexual impulses. The literature includes mention of hermaphrodites, crossdressing transvestites, transsexuals, and those exhibiting aberrant, non-normative behaviors as defined in an ancient subcontinental context. This would seem to include kathoeys ("ladyboys") in Buddhist South and Southeast Asia.

• Bomhard - The two meanings of the Pali term "pandaka" | PDF | Pali | Indian Religions
• Buddhism and LGBTQ - Wikipedia

The Eunuch (Pandaka) Festival of India is where all of these aberrations are on full exhibition for the public to fear, ridicule, and condemn. Being tricked, induced, or forced to participate in homosexual prostitution or to undergo castration (or those born asexual or intersexual), many young males act out and lead a life of debauchery, abusing alcohol and drugs and engaging in sexual misconduct. It is in this context that the ill-defined term pandaka should be understood. Instead, due to Western influence, it has come to mean a male without a penis -- for whatever reason -- cannot be ordained as a monk (bhikkhu). It might be possible to become a novice (samerera) depending on the elder monk administering the precepts, so a person could look like a monk and live in a monastery yet not actually be a fully ordained "monk." It seems safe to imagine that all of this applies to nuns (bhikkhunis) and female novices (samaneris). The upshot is that robots -- oddly, unless they're sexbots -- would not be eligible for true ordination. Any monk or monastic Sangha might nevertheless ordain an AI bot at their discretion, but would it really be valid? Not likely. Third, the purpose of ordination, at least in the Theravada tradition, is to bring suffering and rebirth to an end. Do robots suffer? Are they reborn? We may imagine analogues to these unpleasant emotions and the forced wandering on through samsara, but neither would seem to apply to inanimate objects, particularly of the nonhuman variety. Still, one could use sophistry and philosophy to make some argument in favor of a robotic sangha. In Mahayana, many say the goal is neither enlightenment nor liberation but to save all other beings first. Would a robot ever be able to do that? Maybe, if it trained on the texts, commentaries, disciplinary code, higher doctrine, history, and miscellaneous human issues (feelings, psychology, etiquette, customs, cultural sensitivities, existential, ontological, theological questions, etc.) No doubt that by the measure of the Turing test, robots will be able to pass eventually. Do they already "feel," are they already "conscious"? That depends on how humans define the terms or "feel" about it. Surely, an argument can be made that the simplest robot, the lowly smoke detector, is conscious and has a feeling. How? It "knows" when there is smoke and can say so by being triggered to send out an alarming call. And how does it do that? It does it by feeling (sensing) the smoke. If one buys this argument then a car, computer, and mainframe are much more advanced and able to act in their environment. If they could only act in programmed ways, that might not be much, but if they could "learn," that would be something. Yes to robot monks? No.

Korean Buddhist monks in South Korean Buddhist Temples provide serene...

Can a dryad ordain? No.

However, there's a slight conundrum. Long ago, Thai Theravada Buddhist monks in the Forest Tradition began to "ordain" trees. Why? They did it to save them. Loggers and poachers were cutting everything down, and they could not be induced to knock it off. So the local sangha came up with a brilliant solution. Do a ceremony, don the tree (or dryad) with robes, and magically no faithful karma-fearing logger or poacher dared touch it. The motivation was good, the solution was problematic, but it worked. The trees and forests and Thai environment were saved, just barely. But it did open up a loophole, did it not? If living, organic, old growth trees can (not because they themselves are possessed of self-view but possibly because the tree spirits inhabiting them are). After all, trees are conscious, sentient, organic lifeforms. Because a tree is much less overtly responsive than a boop-boop-bee-doop robot being, some might argue that robots are much more human like and deserving of ordination. That's ridiculous because no one is ordaining or professing to ordain robots for their benefit. There's a selfish human motive for doing it. Perhaps we should wait until AI is sufficiently advanced that a Robo-Buddha arises among the legions of chips, plastic, and metal automatons, and then that Robo-B can set up rules for ordination and teach them the way to mechanical-nirvana.

Bar-buh-ruh, Bar-buh-ruh! Where are you?

This did not begin in our era. The first robot monk is actually over 500-years-old. How is that possible? Robots have only been around since that episode of The Twilight Zone where that guy built that one in his basement that could not pronounce his wife's name correctly: "Bar-buh-ruh, Bar-buh-ruh." No, the first humanoid robot monk was Catholic and was composed of gears and levers, according to NPR. Fortunately, it still exists in a museum, or who would believe it.

The problem is bigger than "Gabi" (the Korean robot monk), of which there seems to be a swarm already and not a singular example, because in 2016, there was already Venerable Xian'er:

Robot monk seeks to merge Buddhism and cutting edge tech

Xian'er: I'm a cartoon character come to "life."

Popular Mechanics) Buddhism is increasingly trying to connect with the modern world. Mahayana monks across China have taken this word ("modernity") to heart, and their latest effort is Xian'er, an adorable robot that lives in a monastery answering questions and chanting mantras.

Xian'er first came to "life" as a cartoon character drawn by Master Xianfan of the Longquan Temple on the outskirts of Beijing, China.

The temple is over 500 years old but a decade ago, Longquan Temple was in disrepair. Xianfan wrote for Chinese websites before becoming a monk and found that Buddhism enhanced his natural creativity.

The Xian'er character gave life to the Temple, which eventually added an animation studio. The Xian'er robot monk, built in conjunction with [blank], is the Temple's furthest extension of its brand yet. More

• Mirror Now; The Independent; David Grossman, Popular Mechanics, April 29, 2016; Ashley Wells and Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly COMMENTARY

Greta sex scandal? Israel attacks flotilla

Brazilian activist Thiago Avila with Greta on a trip (Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)

.

(Biased right-wing Sky News Australia) "Disaster for the goblin": Greta Thunberg's flotilla rocked by sex scandals, detained [and tortured] by Israeli terrorist forces.

• 

  Activists have sex on a boat? That's no "scandal"

  EXCLUSIVE: Greta Thunberg's freedom flotilla faces sexual misconduct allegations (New York Post) They’re going to need a bigger boat! Greta Thunberg’s freedom flotilla, which set sail from Barcelona Sunday for another anti-Israel voyage to Gaza, has been rocked by scandal after one of its woke leaders was accused of “sexual misconduct” with at least three volunteers. “A senior leader within the flotilla — a member of the steering committee, the highest governing body of the organization — engaged in sexual relations with multiple activists while on the boat heading to Gaza. Not one person. Not two. Three different individuals,” claimed Palestinian group Heart of Falastin in a social media post earlier this week. “To do it on the boat, while heading to a nation undergoing genocide, with volunteers...” More
• Activist denies sexual misconduct allegations aboard Greta Thunberg’s Gaza flotilla : r/news
• Lefty Love Boat full of Lovers: misconduct allegations shake Gaza Freedom Flotilla (The Jerusalem Post)
• Greta wasn't even there: Greta Thunberg Flotilla faces sexual misconduct allegations amid Gaza voyage (i24NEWS)

 

PR Rule No. 1, falsely accuse them before they accurately accuse you of the same thing so as to muddy the water and make it all a "both sides do it" argument?

• Meet Chris Kebbon, the alleged boyfriend of Greta Thunberg (The Economic Times)

Brazilian Thiago Ávila planned Global Sumud Flotilla with Sidi Bou Said, Tunis, Tunisia (wiki)

• People believe Greta Thunberg's heart is taken by [hippie] Chris Kebbon, a "handsome" photographer (Bored Panda)
• Greta Thunberg and her new boyfriend... (One Hundred And Ten Percent British)
• Instagram
• Activist Greta Thunberg was spotted smiling... | Facebook

(Daily Express) UK Islamic (Muslim) sect raided by hundreds

of police over "sex slaves and forced marriages"

Buddhist novices busted smuggling weed

Dealer? British beauty busted in Sri Lanka with 101 lbs (46 kg) of kush in her suitcases.

 

Dried flower bud of "kush," potent cannabis

(DW News) Buddhist monks arrested in Sri Lanka for smuggling an s-load of cannabis weed (potent "kush") that would have likely addicted many Sri Lankan youths had they not been caught and stopped at the border, the international airport (BIA) in Colombo.

• (10 News Late) 22 Buddhist monks (novice trainee monastics who have not been fully ordained) arrested at airport in giant drug bust, returning from Bangkok, Thailand (that experimented with legalizing cannabis for recreational use but discovered it was a mistake)
• (NewsX) Buddhist monks novices shock the Theravada Buddhist nation with cannabis smuggling scandal
• (WhyItsTrendingDaily) 22 Buddhist monks trainees just got caught with 242 pounds of potent weed at the airport

First, in defense of these Buddhist monastics, it is important to note that they (most) were not "monks" (bhikkhus) but rather novices (trainees, samaneras) during a probationary period that can last years as they learn and put into practice the Buddhist Monastic Code (Vinaya and Patimokkha).

• Buddhism in Sri Lanka

Second, of all the rules to break, drug dealing cannabis -- as horrific and condemnable as it is -- is not the worst thing they could have done. The four worst things they could have done are "defeat" (parijika) offenses: killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying about spiritual attainments. Or they might have committed one of the five heinous acts (anantarika-karma, deeds that bear bitter fruit in the very next life):

1. killing one's mother (matricide)
2. killing one's father (patricide)
3. killing an arhat (arahant, fully enlightened being)
4. Wounding a Tathāgata (a buddha, silent or teaching)
5. Creating a schism in the Monastic Community (Sangha).

We stayed behind in the monastery sweeping.

Third, there are no more excuses or consoling statements to be made. They each had about 5 kilograms or 11 U.S. pounds (110 kg or 242 lbs in total). This is no accident but sounds like a cynical abuse of the high esteem in which monastics are held to smuggle drugs, likely for sale and distribution rather than recreational or medicinal use. Novices (samaneras) have very strict rules to live by, beyond what is expected of all Theravada Buddhists.

Did the "businessman" sponsor put them up to it to gain financially, and will they say they knew nothing about it?

• British woman accused of smuggling drugs into Buddhist Sri Lanka in suitcase
• Woman caught with cannabis in suitcase at airport (AOL)

There are Five Precepts all Theravada lay Buddhists vow to maintain:

1. abstain from killing
2. abstain from stealing
3. abstain from sexual misconduct
4. abstain from lying
5. abstain from intoxicants that occasion heedlessness.

The very minimum precepts for monks-in-training (samaneras or "baby samanas") are the Eight Precepts or Ten Precepts, abstaining from harming, taking what is not given or handling "gold and silver" (money), sex (all erotic activity), lying, intoxicants, eating before dawn or after noon, using high and luxurious seats or beds, dancing, singing, self-beautification, viewing lowbrow entertainments and shows...

If one were to follow the major rules and the minor (etiquette) rules, it would never come to this unless, as we say, they were cynically used by the businessman drug kingpin as "mules" to unknowingly transport drugs into the very uptight and traditional island Buddhist country of Sri Lanka (Ceylon, Serendib) with a sizeable Tamil Hindu population and significant number of Muslims and Christians.

• Sri Lankan monks arrested after 110kg... - Zambia Daily Mail | Facebook

We could be mystics but prefer drugs as shortcut? Micro of the macro: colliders, unity, quantum...

Sri Lanka arrests 22 Buddhist novices allegedly carrying over 110 kilos of cannabis at airport

Saintly Himalayan Yogi's Eightfold Path

The Dhammapada: mind - Ajahn Brahm: God vs. Bodhi

An 85-year-old Himalayan yogi, rumored to leave no trace in the snow, says true happiness comes from...

The Wise Man on the Mountain - Existential Comics

• What is the "Yoga" (system, tapas, austerity, program) he follows? It is surely Integral Yoga also generally known as Ashtanga or "Eight Limbs." He does not merely do poses or keep a vegetarian diet. He goes much further to include all aspects of the path:

The definition of "yoga"

The Sage Pātañjali (author of the Yoga Sutras or "Yoga Aphorisms") begins his treatise on yoga (1st–3rd century CE) by stating the purpose of writing his book in the first sutra, followed by defining the word "yoga" in his second sutra of Book 1:[2].

योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः ॥२॥

yogaś-citta-vṛtti-nirodhaḥ

— Yoga Sutras 1.2

This terse definition hinges on the meaning of three Sanskrit terms:

I. K. Taimni translates it as, "Yoga is the inhibition (nirodhaḥ [usually translated as "cessation"]) of the modifications (vṛtti) of the mind (citta)" [3].

Swami Vivekananda translates this aphorism as, "Yoga is restraining (nirodhah) the mind-stuff (citta) from taking various forms (vrittis)" [4].

When the mind is stilled, the seer or real Self is revealed: 1.3. Then the Seer is established in his [or her] own essential and fundamental nature. 1.4.

In other states there is assimilation (of the Seer) with the modifications (of the mind) [5].

Sadhguru's no guru but tell jokes to Westerners

Eight limbs

Pātañjali's Eight Limbs of Yoga

Patanjali compiled the yoga aphorisms

Pātañjali set out his definition of "yoga" in the Yoga Sūtras as having eight limbs [following the popularity of the historical Buddha's Dharma being condensed into a Noble Eightfold Path] (अष्टाङ्ग, āṅga, "eight limbs") as follows. These are the Eight Limbs of Yoga:

1. yama (abstinences),
2. niyama (observances),
3. āsana (postures),
4. prāṇā-yāma (breath control),
5. pratyāhāra (withdrawal of the senses),
6. dhāraṇā (concentration),
7. dhyāna (meditation), and
8. samādhi (absorption)" [6].

The eightfold path of Pātañjali's yoga consists of a set of prescriptions for a morally disciplined and purposeful life, of which the āsana (yoga postures) form only one limb [7]. More

Buddhism has a different set of Eight Limbs to Enlightenment

What is the path to supreme liberation?

As in Buddhism's Noble Eightfold Path, all of these terms are loaded. They are full of meaning, leaving many aspects to each term or heading. They are not the same path and do NOT lead to the same goal. The goal of yoga is "union," whereas the goal of the Buddha-Dharma is enlightenment and nirvana.

1. Right View: various summaries of "right view" can be found in Buddhist texts. A stock phrase is the opening of the dhamma-eye, in which knowledge arises: "All that has the nature of arising has the nature of ending" [33, Note 2]; showing the futility of striving after worldly fulfillment. More extensive treatments state that our karma (actions) have consequences, death is not the end, and our words, actions, and beliefs have consequences after death. The Buddha himself followed and taught a successful path out of this world and the other world (heaven and underworld/hells),[36, 37, 38, Web 2] and his example can be followed to the same successful result. Later on, right view came to explicitly include karma and rebirth and the importance of the Four Noble Truths, when "insight" (vipassana) became central to Buddhist soteriology, especially in Theravada Buddhism [39, 40].
2. Right Intention (samyaka-saṃkalpa/sammā-saṅkappa) can also be known as "right thought," "right aspiration," "right resolve," or "right motivation" [41]. In this factor, one aspires to let go, renounce (stop clinging to) the worldly life and follow the Buddhist path [42] of purification and freedom. The practitioner is full of thoughts of and intends to strive toward non-violence (ahimsa) and avoid violent and hateful/aversive conduct [40].
3. Right Speech: avoiding lying, abuse, division, and idle chatter [43, 44].
4. Right Conduct: to avoid killing or injuring, taking what is not given, sexual misconduct, intoxication.
5. Right Livelihood: avoiding trading in weapons, living beings, meat, intoxicants/poisons.
6. Right Effort: preventing the arising of unwholesome mental states that not arisen, deposing ones that have, generating wholesome states, and maintaining them to their consummation. What are the profitable mental states? The Seven Factors of Enlightenment (bojjhaṅgā). This includes "guarding the sense-doors" (indriya-samvara), restraint of the sense faculties [45, 46].
7. Right Mindfulness (sati; satipatthana; sampajañña): a quality that guards the heart/mind as it dispassionately watches over [47] and looks on. The stronger mindfulness becomes, the weaker unwholesome states of mind become, weakening their power "to take over and dominate thought, word, and deed" [48, Note 3]. In the insight meditation (vipassana) movement, mindfulness is interpreted as dispassionate "bare attention," watching, vigilance, remaining present and aware with whatever arises in this moment: not being absent minded, but rather being conscientious and conscious of what one is doing; this encourages the awareness of the impermanence of body, feelings, and mind, as well as to dispassionately examine the Five Aggregates clung to as self (skandhas), the Five Hindrances, the Four Noble Truths, and the Seven Factors of Enlightenment [46].
8. Right Samadhi (passaddhi; ekaggata; sampasadana): practicing the Four Stages of Jhana (Sanskrit dhyāna or "meditation"), which includes samadhi/absorption proper in the second stage and reinforces the development of the Seven Factors of Enlightenment, culminating in equanimity (upekkhā) and mindfulness (sati) [50]. In the Theravada tradition and the insight meditation movement, this is interpreted as singlepointedness of mind (ekaggata), stillness, focus, concentration, one-pointedness of the mind, fulfilled through the Four Foundations of Mindfulness as vipassana meditation, which aims at liberating insight from all illusion. More