Ghost Month continues: Shadow Realm

Get outta my way! Hungry ghosts are after me!

"Ghost Month" (the Seventh Month of the Chinese Lunisolar Calendar, corresponding to Sept. 6 to Oct. 6, 2025) is the time of the Ghost Festival (Yulanpen). It is observed among the Chinese diaspora population of the world, particularly in Chinatowns, Malaysia, Singapore, and anywhere Mahayana Buddhism dominates. Hungry ghosts or petas (Sanskrit pretas) are miserable being who have been reborn deprived due to unskillful karma (deeds).

• Wisdom Quarterly coverage: Hungry Ghost Festival

Guanyin feeding (Stephen Asma)

If hungry ghosts, demons, and malignant spirits are living beings, and Buddhists cherish all sentient beings, how do we exorcise them when they create obstacles in our lives? Why did Guru Rinpoche (Padmasambhava) convert angry subhuman beings into "protectors of the Dharma" (Dharmapalas)? Why did the great Tibetan sage Milarepa have long conversations with ghosts and demons? How do can humans protect against curses and black magic? What are Buddhism’s Protective Verses (Parittas), and how do we chant them? These questions are answered in this “Buddhist Guide to Exorcism: A Spirit Handler’s Guide” and demonstrate some of the methods. More: Buddha Weekly

The Hungry Ghost Realm: A Buddhist Teaching of Hope in Addiction

Maha Moggallāna (Ven. Mulian)

(Mythos & Logos) Complete Archives: Mythos & Logos. The Realm of Hungry Ghosts (peta-loka) is a plane of existence in Buddhist cosmology, an unfortunate destination, an afterlife marked by deprivation, suffering, and dependency.

The journey of one of the Buddha's chief disciples, Maha Moggallāna (Sanskrit Maudgalyayana, Chinese Mulian), to this realm provides a first step for how to break the vicious cycle of addiction borne of trauma.

Many of us have a "hungry ghost" (peta, preta) lurking inside of us. If anyone is struggling, please reach out to a professional as there are many great organizations, including ‪@TWLOHA‬, filled with people trained and willing to help.*

• VIDEO: Buddhist Exorcism: Spirit-Handlers Guide - The Paritta Protection from Demons, Ghosts, Curses (Buddha Weekly)

Politics of hungry ghosts: Israeli imperialism

• (BBC World Service) Gaza: Dying for Food - BBC Gaza World Service Documentaries

Background Briefing with Ian Masters · September 23, 2025 - Dulcie Leimbach | Arthur Caplan | Maha Nassar

Trump trashes countries of the world at UN in front of the world’s leaders (Ian Masters, Background Briefing, Sept. 23, 2025, KPFK.org)

TIMESTAMPS

• 00:00 Introduction
• 00:31 Bhavachakra at Punakha Dzong, Bhutan, photographed by Bernard Gagnon, licensed under Creative Commons
• 00:49 The Six Realms of Birth, Edo Period Japan, British Museum
• 01:13 Ghosts from the Bangkok National Museum
• 01:26 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum
• 02:06 Unending Hunger
• 02:09 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum
• 02:50 Haunting Ghosts from the Thirty-Seven Nats
• 03:15 Dr. Gabor Maté, In The Realm of Hungry Ghosts: Close Encounters with Addiction
• 03:54 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum
• 04:39 Maudgalyayana [Maha Moggallana] Rescuing His Mother, Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
• 05:05 From Darkness
• 05:08 Ven. Maha Moggallana at Wat Olak Madu, Kedah, photographed by Ven. Anandajoti Bhikkhu, licensed under Creative Commons
• 05:38 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum
• 06:37 Yulanpen Sutra, Mahayana canon
• 07:12 Shakyamuni Buddha from the Dazu Rock Carvings, photographed by Michael Gunther, licensed under Creative Commons
• 07:42 Mulian Saves His Mother, 19th Century China
• 08:26 Into Light
• 08:30 Silk Roundel with Endless Knot Symbol, 19th Century China, Los Angeles County Museum of Art
• 09:00 Rahans Receiving Offerings, 19th Century Burma
• 09:18 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum
• 09:57 Offering at Hong Kong Ghost Festival, photographed by Rose Tim Wing Mxuiek, licensed under Creative Commons
• 10:10 Begging monk in Himeji, photographed by Nesnad, licensed under Creative Commons
• 10:20 Mukaebi of the Bon Festival, photographed by Batholith
• 10:55 Conclusion
• 10:59 Homeless man in New York, photographed by CGP Grey, licensed under Creative Commons
• 11:09 The Drinker by Albert Anker
• 11:26 Sinhalese manuscript, photographed by Wellcome Images, licensed under Creative Commons
• 11:51 Floating Lanterns, photographed by San Lie, licensed under Creative Commons
• 12:25 Hungry Ghost Scroll, Kyoto National Museum Ambient - The Ambient by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license.

ABOUT: Mythos and Logos are two ancient words that can be roughly translated as “Story and Meaning.” Support the channel by subscribing, liking, and commenting to join the conversation. Patreon: mythosandlogos. The purpose of this channel is to share the important stories at the foundation of human cultures throughout history. These include mythology, legends, folktales, religious stories, and parables from the dawn of history to the modern day. This channel provides interpretations and insight into these stories, to find and apply their meaning to contemporary life. All stories covered are treated academically. This channel makes no claims regarding the historical, scientific, or religious truth of these tales. Rather, its goal is to find the meanings understood by their authors and apply them to the modern world.

*All channel income from October 31-November 30, 2021, donated to To Write Love On Her Arms (TWLOHA) to help the Hungry Ghosts around us every day. Thanks for supporting an organization that helps those who are struggling.

• Parittas: Protective Buddhist Chants (Theravada Pali canon)
• Mythos & Logos, Oct. 31, 2021; CC Liu, Dhr. Seven, Amber Larson (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

Halloween Horror Nights 2025 begin

Ghosts are more subtle than human bodies.

(NBCLA) Take a peek at Halloween Horror Nights at Universal Studios Hollywood, an amusement park where many scary things were once filmed for the big studio system.

It's that time of year again when The Veil is thin between the worlds/dimensions and the dead mingle with the living. What we call the Halloween season is Obon in Buddhist Japan, Samhain in Celtic Ireland, and Dia de Los Muertos in Mexico and Latin America.

These ancient beliefs and customs are linked to some reality, not just make believe swept away by a colonial missionary religion that says no to heathen paganism and tries to enforce worship of its imperial deity.

Shiawase Samba Berkeley Buddhist Temple, Higashi Honganji Obon Odori 2025

Obon: when The Veil gets thin

Obon (お盆 [1]) or just Bon (盆 [2][a]) is a fusion of the ancient Japanese belief in ancestral spirits and a Japanese Buddhist custom to honor the spirits of one's deceased ancestors. This Buddhist custom has evolved into a family reunion holiday during which people return to ancestral family places and visit and clean their ancestors' graves when the spirits of ancestors are supposed to revisit the household altars. It has been celebrated in Japan for more than 500 years and traditionally includes a dance, known as Bon Odori. More: Obon

Science: We're living in 'Ghost Time'

Day of Dead: Buddhist hungry ghost stories

How to do the Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos): "Sugar Skull/La Catrina Makeup Tutorial"

Ancient Buddhist ghost stories from the Petavatthu (Tales of Hungry Ghosts)

(FOOLESJOURNEY) This collection of ancient South Asian ghost (peta, preta) stories combines several passages from an early Buddhist text called the Peta-vatthu – meaning “Ghost Stories," or more specifically, "Tales of Hungry Ghosts." It was likely written after 300 BCE, and is deeply rooted in ancient (especially pre-Buddhist, Vedic, Hindu) concepts of disembodied souls (subtle body beings) trapped between hellish and human planes, in the realm of hungry ghosts, doomed to experience torture and consequences of greedy, hateful, and deluded behavior in life, creating what are more simply referred to as “hungry ghosts.”

FURTHER READING

• Petavatthu – suttafriends.org/peta-vatthu Pv 1.5
• Outside the Walls – suttafriends.org/sutta/pv1-5 Pv 2.10
• Uttara’s Mother – suttafriends.org/sutta/pv2-10 Pv 4.6
• The Ghost Princes – suttafriends.org/sutta/pv4-6 Pv 2.8
• The Ghost Chullaseṭṭi – suttafriends.org/sutta/pv2-8 Pv 4.16
• Hit by 60,000 Hammers – suttafriends.org/sutta/pv4-16

Sugar skull/La Catrina makeup tutorial

(Jhanay Mendez) Products used: white Snazaroo face paint mixed with MAC face and body foundation, C2 black Snazaroo face paint, Marc Jacobs black eyeliner, Naked palette tease/blackout, Colourpop matte liquid lipstick in Love Bug E.L.F. translucent powder, Covergirl rocket mascara, Ardell lashes in natural. Oct. 21, 2016: Instagram: @jhanaymendez

• Watch my other Halloween video: Diamond skull Halloween makeup tutorial

#ghoststory #ghost #ghosts #buddhism #ancienthistory #ancientindia #ancientbharat #bharat #nepal #southasian #history #ancientworld #ancientstory #preta #ancientreligion #buddha #merits #culture #custom #haunting #india #ancienttexts #scarystory #scary #scarystories

• FoolesJourney, Dec. 12, 2023: Crystal Quintero, CC Liu, Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

Ken Page, Nightmare Before Xmas, dies

People don't really die, do they? Do we?

(Todd Malkin) Ken Page (1954-2024) sings "Oogie Boogie," a song from A Nightmare Before Christmas live @ The Hollywood Bowl on Halloween 2015).

Page has died at 70, according to a close friend. He now faces rebirth, potentially among the unfortunate beings of the dismal hungry ghost realm for his habitual karma on earth. What did he do? He was an actor and singer, counterfeiting the truth on stage, which American Theravada Buddhist monk Ven. Thanissaro suggests is the kind of karma (deeds) that dooms one to miserable consequences.

• Right Livelihood: Acting and soldiering bad karma (accesstoinsight.org)

All is not lost. Such rebirths, however long lived, are impermanent and then one carries on according to one's just desserts. Of course, it is possible that he willed, carried out, and stored up merit and skillful deeds to counteract some or all of the deeds we saw. The working out of karma is imponderable, but general things may be said about it. May Ken Page be well and happy and celebrate skillful deeds done on his behalf by those who remain living on a plane where wholesome actions are possible (such as the human plane). 

• The Best Vegetarian Recipes of 2024 (MSN)

Every "DRUG" addiction explained, ranked

Every "DRUG" addiction explained and ranked

This ancient Japanese scroll shows hungry ghosts starving, eating feces, suffering greatly.

.

In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts

(ItsCbdBro) Summer 2024: Drugs are bad for you, so don’t do any. Unfortunately, the world we live in nowadays has made that extremely difficult. We are exposed to substances and drugs so frequently that it’s insane. And, yes, by drugs I mean everything like weed, white sugar, caffeine, nicotine all the way to synthetic fentanyl contaminating most all street drugs and plenty of pharmaceutical ones. Today we are going to run through all the notable substances people frequently use in hopes of educating would-be abusers about them, also helping understand what they do to us and our bodies and how harmful they can be.

(ItsCBD Bro) Faded vs. High: marijuana versus alcohol

The Wisdom of Trauma

• Remember, according to addiction medicine specialist Dr. Gabor Mate (drgabormate.com), NO drug or thing is addictive because if it were, everyone who took it would become addicted, and they don't. He has found that those with early childhood traumas who use drugs (and coping behaviors) become addicted very quickly and intensely, entering what in Buddhism is known as The Realm of Hungry Ghosts, which is a literal afterlife, but Dr. Mate is using it figuratively here because some seem to be there already, in a miserable world of dissatisfaction, want, and misery.

Can't I just stay high forever? The Body Say NO

Get a free $50 jar, just pay shipping while supplies last: https://bit.ly/FreeGummiesItsCBD. Discord: discord. CBDBBROSHOP: https://cbdbroshop.com/. IG: itscbdbro

How to stop: REAL cause of addictions

They stand at the periphery waiting, clinging. They passed away with strong attachments.

The REAL reason behind addictions and how to get over them

I don't know how it began. I was molested.

(Asangoham) April 26, 2024: Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism includes within its teachings a very interesting concept, that of the "hungry ghost," known as yidags in Tibetan [preta in Sanskrit, peta in Pali].

Dr. Gabor Mate used this idea in his research

One possible form of hungry ghost can be a person who has died while still in the midst of intense craving, attachment, or an insatiable addiction.

Tibetan Buddhists believe that at death one sheds only the physical or gross form; the subtle and causal forms of the body remain [in a changing state of flux, just as they changed and were in flux during life].

This means that while one is now [temporarily] free of the gross or physical body, one is still in the grip of the subtle body, or mind, that was “made” during that and previous lifetimes.

The causal body will retain the seed of the addiction and carry it into the next life if it is not purified. Thus, those who die in the grip of addiction or craving or attachment often remain in the physical plane as disembodied hungry ghosts.

The Wisdom of Trauma

• [Dr. Gabor Mate, Canadian addiction medical specialist and star of Zeitgeist, contends that there are NO addictive substances or activities. Many people are indeed addicted and unable to stop; there is no doubt about that. Dr. Mate treats them daily and set up Canada's first compassionate care center to help them. But it turns out the real problem is an interaction of factors. IF substances and activities were "addictive," then everyone who partook would become addicted. This does not happen. Q: What then is the underlying cause?

  

  When the Body Says No

• A: Susceptibility brought on by childhood trauma. If a person who was abused takes a nonaddictive substance like alcohol, meth, fentanyl, MSG, sugar, heroin, crack, cocaine, or marijuana (which flood the brain with feelgood dopamine, endorphins, and neurotransmitters) then addiction quickly sets in. But it cannot be substance. It is that substance in that person. So as a society we abuse our children then condemn them for the easy-to-access coping mechanism they resort to to self-soothe. It's a double-bind, a Catch 22, a fully Belgium (HHGTTG) situation. Ghosts get trapped this way, and then they are trapped (in bondage), and then for a long time lost "in the realm of hungry ghosts" (Buddhism's peta loka). Knowing this, seeing this, one adheres to the Five Precepts, for one who preserves the Five Precepts is preserved by the Five Precepts. Otherwise, after the ghost realm, which is the beginning of the downfall (niraya), the great waste, one continues down to the hells, where there is no apparent way out. Good karma now will help a great deal then. So make merit (punya).]

Is Dr. Gabor Mate a secular Jewish Buddhist or a Buddhist Jew? (drgabormate.com)

.

I want what I want when I want it. I'm hungry.

That is, such beings are still gripped by insatiable addiction but now without the physical body that would give them any chance of satiating that addiction.

Those with the ability to perceive disembodied spirits can perceive hungry ghosts. These people claim that in those places such as the “red light” districts of many cities where people gather to drink, have sex (engage in prostitution), or use intoxicants -- three of the most common pursuits of human addiction -- hungry ghosts can be seen to congregate, often in great numbers.

Addiction is complex. It transcends mere substance or behavioral abuse. Addiction is defined as a chronic and relapsing disorder.

It is characterized by compulsive seeking, continued use, and a lack of control. This continues in the face of and despite severe adverse consequences.

The brain is dependent on neurochemicals.

Fundamentally, addiction involves changes in the brain's reward system. Repeated exposure to addictive substances or behaviors leads to neuroadaptations.

This adaptation diminishes the brain's sensitivity to natural rewards (such as dopamine) and compels/drives one in the compulsive pursuit of the addictive stimulus.

In the digital age, behavioral addictions related to technology and social media have also begun to take hold. #addictions #hungryghosts #zen

DISCLAIMER 01: All ideas expressed on this channel are for entertainment and general information purposes only. There is no advice on what an individual should or should not do. Any response made by anyone after hearing this communication is their interpretation and is their responsibility. Ideas expressed by this channel should not be treated as a substitute for medical advice or professional help. If expert assistance or counselling is needed, the services of a competent professional should be sought.

DISCLAIMER 02: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If one is, or represents, the copyright owner of materials used in this video and has an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to doseofquotes02@gmail.com. Copyright © 2022 Asangoham. All rights reserved.

• Asogaham (Script: Matt Mackane. Edit: Medo. Voiceover: Matt Mackane); Seth Auberon, Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

I bought California ghost town for $1.4M

Polly Thompson (pthomspon@insider.com), Business Insider via MSN.com, Feb. 25, 2024; Pat Macpherson, Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

Earth’s great balancing act: Nature is adapting to human influence (Earth/MSN)

• When he was 30, American Brent Underwood left Austin, Texas, and moved to an abandoned mining town.
• While restoring the ghost town he has realized that people approach finding a purpose in life the wrong way.
• Underwood spoke to Business Insider from 900 feet beneath ground level, while sheltering from a snowstorm.

This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Brent Underwood about his experience moving to a Californian ghost town. The following has been edited for length and clarity.

Visit at night when they're active

In 2018, my friend sent me a listing for Cerro Gordo, an abandoned mining town in California. "This might be your next project," he joked.

The idea of a remote town in the American West was very alluring to me. It reminded me of the old TV westerns my grandfather watched every day [Gunsmoke, Kung Fu, High Noon].

I was running a pretty popular bed and breakfast in Austin, but it felt like I was just searching for something to shake me up from the routine monotony of American life.

Buying this ghost town has done that. It cost $1.4 million — more than half was a loan from a hard money lender. More: I bought a California ghost town for $1.4 million. Living here gets lonely — but I've found my purpose

• Tormented ghost scientist seeks town to haunt, preferably in Japan: Paul Tibbets dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and was given no funeral or gravestone. Thanks, US military
• Life beyond Earth proven to be common in new study • Earth.com

The Wisdom of Trauma: Dr. Gabor Mate (film)

Dr. Gabor Mate, Stephanie Lee (drgabormate.com/blog); Seth Auberon (ed.), Wisdom Quarterly

There's a way back from addiction.

Back in April of 2021, addiction medicine specialist Dr. Gabor Mate, M.D., announced the release of the documentary The Wisdom of Trauma.

It had been four years in the making by directors and producers Maurizio and Zaya Benazzo from Science and Nonduality (SAND). The film was rebroadcast in the summer of 2021, accompanied by conversations.

Synopsis

The Wisdom of Trauma

One in five Americans are diagnosed with mental illness in any given year. Suicide is the second most common cause of death in the US for youth aged 15-24. It kills over 800,000 people a year globally and 48,300 in the US.

Drug overdoses kill 81,000 in the US annually. An autoimmunity epidemic affects 24 million people in the US.

So the filmmakers ask the question, “What's going on?”

The Realm of Hungry Ghosts?

The interconnected epidemics of [stress and poor coping mechanisms,] anxiety, chronic illness, and substance abuse are, according to Dr. Maté, normal but not in the way we might think.

In The Wisdom of Trauma, we travel alongside physician, bestselling author, and Order of Canada recipient Dr. Maté to explore why Western society is facing such epidemics.

This is a journey with a man who has dedicated his life to understanding the connection between illness, addiction, [childhood] trauma, and society.

Trauma is the invisible force that shapes our lives. It shapes the way we live, the way we love, and the way we make sense of the world. It is the root of our deepest wounds.

Stay connected with Dr. Mate via website

Dr. Maté gives us a new vision: a trauma-informed society in which parents, teachers, physicians, policymakers, and legal personnel are not concerned with "fixing" behaviors, making diagnoses, suppressing symptoms, and judging, but seek instead to understand the sources from which troubling behaviors and diseases spring in the wounded human psyche.

He points us to the path of individual and collective healing. More

• Gabor Maté and Sat Dharam Kaur’s statement on Yogi Bhajan
• PHOTOS: Iconic movie swimsuits and bikinis (yourdiy.com)

Veils get thin, Dead are here again (video)

CC Liu, Ananda (DBM), Crystal Q., Sheldon S., Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly; China Travel

In Buddhism, the departed are called pretas or petas, "hungry ghosts" in the Realm of Ghosts

Let's celebrate and chase the ghosts away.

Halloween is in the offing, only but a week away. The ghosts gather, hunker down, hanker on the periphery. The Buddha saw them, pathetic creatures, karma-born with hideous features, the clinging departed, stuck on this plane or in between, in the Realm of Ghosts, hungry for what they had before.

There's great danger in attachment, hidden and ready to explode. O, what misery they deplore! Naked, unhoused, hungry, thirsty, reborn deprived. How odd that anyone not believe. Every culture knows. Haints, shades, specters, phantoms all, hardly here yet not fully gone. We remember them on The Day of the Dead, El Dia de los Muertos, All Hallows Eve, and #中元节.

• Tim Scullion can photograph ghost 10/22/22 | Coast to Coast

中元节 Hungry Ghost Festival: Why the name? | Do's and Don'ts (2022)

♫ Spooky Podcasts | iHeart

(China Travel) Premiered June 30, 2022. Some think the Hungry Ghost Festival is reminiscent of Halloween and the Day of the Dead. Think so? The Hungry Ghost Festival is also known as Zhongyuan Festival (中元节), which Buddhists call the Yulanpen Festival (盂兰盆节). It falls on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month, though some places celebrate it on the 14th day. In 2022, it falls on August 11 or 12. Let's see the history and origin of the Hungry Ghost Festival, activities, traditions, how the name came about, and the things that should never be done.

CHAPTERS

• 00:00 ​ - Intro: What is this fest?
• 00:21​ - Why is it called that?
• 01:12 - How to Celebrate it?
• 02:04 - 8 Things to NEVER DO!

Want to know more about the Zhongyuan Festival? Go to chinatravel.com/culture... Website: chinatravel.com, Facebook, Twitter. #hungryghostfestival #ghostfestival #中元节 #hungryghostfestival #ghostfestival

Karma: How to become a Hungry Ghost

Amber Larson and Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly Wikipedia edit preta

Wait, rebirth is real? Those monsters, those feeders, are depending on me to feed them?!

Gaki zōshi 餓鬼草紙 "Scroll of Hungry Ghosts": a Gaki condemned to eating feces, c. 12th cent.

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I'm not a ghost yet. I'm getting there. Gimme!

There are 31 Planes of Existence (and countless individual worlds) one might be reborn in, in accordance with one's deeds as their resultants come up at the time of dying.

One of the "unfortunate destinations" (niraya, the downfall or downward path) is the Realm of Hungry Ghosts.

Not all ghosts are hungry and suffering in the same way, as they are very diverse in accordance with their deeds, but deprivation is common on this plane.

Pretas (Sanskrit प्रेत, Pali peta, Tibetan ཡི་དྭགས་ yi dags, Japanese gaki, Thai pret) are also known as "hungry ghosts," the Sanskrit name for a type of being described in Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism, Taoism, and Chinese folk religion.

Beings reborn among them undergo suffering generally greater than that of humans, particularly an extreme level of hunger and thirst [1].

What must it be like in the Land of the Dead?

With origins in India's Dharmic religions, they have been adopted into East Asian religions via the spread of Buddhism.

Preta is often translated into English as "hungry ghost" from Chinese and East Asian adaptations. In early Buddhist sources, such as the Book of Ghost Stories or Petavatthu, they are much more varied.

Descriptions here apply mainly in this narrower context of those deprived of food, drink, shelter, and possessions clung to from their time on the human plane.

The development of the concept of the preta started with just thinking that it was the ghost and gandhabba (or intermediate conscious continuation of a person) once that person died on one plane.

But later the concept developed into a transient state between death and obtaining another rebirth in accordance with that person's deeds/karma [2]. We make our own fate.

In order to successfully pass through this phase of the cycle of karmic rebirth (samsara), the deceased's family are thought to have to engage in a variety of rituals and offerings to properly guide the suffering spirit into its next life [2].

If family or friends do not engage in these funerary rites, which last for one year, the person (spirit) could remain suffering as a preta for an indeterminate period of time that may seem like an eternity [2].

Karma (deeds)

I now love filth. I love smearing it on my face.

A preta was a false, corrupt, compulsive, deceitful, jealous, or greedy person in some previous life. [This may not be the immediately previous life but any life in the past from innumerable lives already lived.]

As a result of that person's deeds (that store of karma), one is afflicted with an insatiable hunger for some particular substance or object.

Traditionally, this is something repugnant or humiliating, such as feces or cadavers, though in more recent stories, it can be anything, however bizarre [3].

In addition to having insatiable hunger for an aversive item, pretas are said to have disturbing visions [4].

Pretas and human beings (and also animals) occupy the same physical space. But while humans looking at a river would see clear water, pretas see the same river flowing with a repugnant substance. Common examples of such visions include pus and filth [4]. More

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