(Discover America) Every Indigenous Native American tribe named in 22 minutes
Indigenous were everywhere on this continent
The U.S. genocide of 100,000,000 (one hundred million) decimated the Indigenous population of the people's land for people with land but wanting another different one. Welcome, "Pilgrims" (Occupiers), "Settlers" (invaders), friends and comrades against other European occupiers and exploiters from England and France and Spain.
Wait, what? We have our ancient Indigenous DNA still inside, with little Euro contribution?
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Los Maya y Azteca tenian mucha sabiduria
(Now it) Scientists reveal shocking genetic origin of Mexicans: Maternal line almost entirely Indigenous, paternal line mostly European. Why? Mass rape, forced blending, "survival mating" with invaders, occupiers, and Spanish and other European colonial masters
Mestizo
Maya
Aztec (Mexicas, Mexicanos)
Toltec
Zapotec
Olmec
African Americans
Edward P. Vining: An Inglorious Columbus
Rick Fields: How the Swans Came to the Lake
Down with rapist colonizers of Roman Catholic Church and the Spanish Crown! St. Junipero?
Mexico? How big is the "United States of Mexico" (Estados Unidos Mexicanos)?
(BE) The Comanche (Shoshone) were never what we were taught -- ancient DNA evidence finally reveals
The Comanche (/kəˈmæntʃi/) or Nʉmʉnʉʉ ("the people" [3]), are an Indigenous or Native American tribe from the Southern Plains of the present-day United States of America.
Comanche people today belong to the federally recognized Comanche Nation, headquartered in Lawton, Oklahoma [4].
The Comanche language is a Numic language of the Uto-Aztecan family. Originally, it was a Shoshoni dialect, it is thought, but it diverged and became a separate language [5].
The Comanche were allegedly once part of the Shoshone people of the Great Basin [6]. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Spanish and later Mexican colonists called the Comanche domain Comanchería. Some historians call it an empire.
The Comanche lived in present-day northwestern Texas and adjacent areas in eastern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and western Oklahoma, where they practiced a nomadic horse culture... More
Catholic converts drew stories to colonial priests
The Aztec religion is a polytheistic and monistic pantheism in which the Nahua (Nahuatl, the indigenous language of Mexico) concept of teotl was construed as the supreme god Ometeotl, as well as a diverse pantheon of lesser gods and manifestations of nature [1].
The popular religion tended to embrace the mythological and polytheistic aspects, and the Aztec Empire's state religion sponsored both the monism of the upper classes and the popular heterodoxies [2].
The codices were made by Catholic priests
The most important deities were worshiped by priests in Tenochtitlan (Mexico City), particularly Tlaloc and the god of the Mexica (the tribe from which the word "Mexico" derives), Huitzilopochtli, whose shrines were located on the Templo Mayor ("Main Temple").
Their priests would receive special dispensation from the empire. When other states were conquered the empire would often incorporate practices from its new territories into the mainstream religion [3].
The Great Pyramid of Cholula, also known as Tlachihualtepetl (Nahuatl/Mexicano for "Constructed Mountain"), is a complex located in Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. It is the world's largest pyramid (by volume) and archeological site of a pyramid (temple) in the world confirmed to exist on Earth today [1, 2], not counting massive artificial "mountains" in Bosnia, Buddhist Indonesia, Cambodia, and China, California (not lake but possibly on Colorado), Missouri (Cahokia), dark Alaska, which is four times larger than Giza, and Pyramid Peak. The adobe brick pyramid stands 82 feet (25 meters) [3] above the surrounding plain, which is significantly shorter than the Great Pyramid of Giza's height of 481 feet (146.6 meters), but much wider, measuring 984 by 1,033 feet (300 by 315 meters) in its final form [3], compared to the Great Pyramid's base dimensions of 756 by 756 feet (230.3 by 230.3 meters) [4]. This holy pyramid is a temple that traditionally has been viewed as having been dedicated to the feathered serpent (naga) god Quetzalcoatl [5]. The architectural style of the building was linked closely to that of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico, with influence from the Gulf Coast evident as well, especially from El Tajín [6]. More
In common with many other indigenous Mesoamerican civilizations, the Aztecs put great ritual emphasis on calendrics, and scheduled festivals, government ceremonies, and even war around key transition dates in the Aztec calendar [4].
Public ritual practices could involve food, storytelling, and dance, as well as ceremonial warfare, the Mesoamerican ballgame (precursor of football, soccer, and basketball), and human sacrifice (a tribute to appease bloodthirsty gods of military service and slaughter) [5].
The cosmology of Aztec religion divides the world into 13 heavens and nine earthly layers or netherworlds [6]. The first heaven overlaps with the first terrestrial layer, so that heaven and the terrestrial layers meet at the surface of the Earth, where we are.
The celestial entities of "shining ones" (sky devas)
Each level is associated with a specific set of deities and astronomical objects. The most important celestial entities in Aztec religion are the Sun, the Moon, and the planet Venus (as both "Morning Star" and "Evening Star") [7].
Convert or die: Become Catholic
After Conquest by Spain, Aztec people were forced to convert to Catholicism, and the two religions syncretized.
In this religion, your black magic blood sacrifice will come from a scapegoat, who is the God Himself disguised as a human to pay Himself a ransom for your eternal soul washed in blood: You have to accept it, or we'll kill you. And let our priests molest your kids because they don't have wives. The Vatican orders it. Don't worry. His Mom is very nice and will do lots of favors for you.
We are all taught to celebrate Juneteenth (June 19th) as if that were when the USA abolished slavery. But that happened with the ratification of the 13th Amendment on Feb. 1, 1865. Of course, the American government didn't bother to tell slaves and thereby free them. But that is when it became de jure (by law) illegal. De facto (by fact) we still have slavery in many forms -- human trafficking, working convicts, secretly employing the vulnerable, sexual trafficking of women, children, and boys...
End Slavery NOW: February 1st is National Freedom Day in the USA. Celebrate it by learning about and sharing with others the importance of being a modern-day abolitionist to finally end slavery now.
Feb. 1st is National Freedom Day in the USA, celebrated because in 1865, Pres. Lincoln signed the joint resolution from the House and the Senate that eventually became the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution—the amendment that officially ended slavery in the U.S. even though it still legally exists. More
There may have been more Native American (Indigenous, "Indians," Amerindians) slaves than Blacks or African imports. Most of them were worked to death or contaminated with diseases they had no immunity to deal with, and they are rarely spoken of; however, historians have documented this fact.
And when the USA invaded the Old West using the "Monroe Doctrine" and "manifest destiny" as pretexts, it stole half of the land that was Mexico, under Spanish rule. So a large part of this country is in fact Mexico except that "might makes right."
IN THIS STORY: Mexican officials are calling the discovery of a Zapotec (Be’ena’a) tomb one of the country’s greatest archeological discoveries of the last decade.
The tomb, dated to 600 C.E., features colorful murals that experts hope they can soon decipher.
Other architectural highlights within the tomb include friezes and carvings in doorposts.
Dated to 600 C.E.—a pre-Hispanic [Pre-Columbian era, pre-arrival of Spain and European Conquistadors] period during which the Zapotec culture ruled the region—experts believe the architectural and cultural meanings they can extract from the find will reveal unknown elements of Zapotec life 1,400 years ago.
“This is an exceptional discovery due to its level of preservation and what it reveals about Zapotec culture: its social organization, its funerary rituals, and its worldview, preserved in the architecture, and mural paintings,” Mexico’s Secretary of CultureClaudi Curiel de Icaza said in a translated statement from the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH).
The tomb features sculptural elements and mural paintings that contain symbols often associated with power and death, while friezes and tombstones bear inscriptions which appear to reference calendars.
Pres. Claudia Sheinbaum in front of MX flag
“This is the most important archeological discovery in Mexico in the last decade due to its level of preservation and the information it provides,” Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo said at a press conference, according to INAH.
The murals and architecture start at the entrance to the antechamber. An owl, which symbolized night and death for the Zapotec people, covers the painted face of a lord. Experts with INAH believe that the portrait may be of the ancestor to whom the tomb was dedicated. His descendants may have hoped that he would serve as an intercessor with deities. More
The Zapotec civilization (the Be'ena'a or "The people who came from the clouds," circa 700 BC–1521 AD) is an advanced indigenous pre-European (pre-Columbian, pre-Hispanic, pre-invasion) civilization that flourished in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica (part of North America above Central America, mostly comprised of modern Mexico). Archaeological evidence shows that their culture, now replaced by Mixtec culture, originated at least 2,500 years ago. The Zapotec archaeological site at the ancient City of Monte Albán has pyramids, monumental buildings, ball courts, tombs, and grave goods, including finely worked gold jewelry. Monte Albán was one of the first major cities in Mesoamerica. It was the center of a Zapotec state that dominated much of the territory which today is known as the Mexican state of Oaxaca [1, 2]. The Zapotecs are their modern Mexican descendants. More
The Shipibo-Conibo are an indigenous (Native American) people along the Ucayali River in the Amazon rainforest of Peru.
Formerly two groups, they eventually became one tribe through intermarriage and communal rituals and are currently known as the Shipibo-Conibo people [2, 3].
The Shipibo-Conibo have lived in the Amazonian rainforest for millennia. Many of their traditions are still practiced, such as ayahuasca medicine work.
Medicine songs have inspired artistic tradition and decorative designs found in their clothing, pottery, tools, and textiles. Some of the urbanized people live around Pucallpa in the Ucayali region, an extensive indigenous zone. Most others live in scattered villages over a large area of jungle forest extending from Brazil to Ecuador. More
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