Showing posts with label caveman. Show all posts
Showing posts with label caveman. Show all posts

Monday, June 8, 2026

Cavemen shamans got high all day? (sutra)


When did humans start smoking cannabis?

Ink Explainer(Ink Explainer) June 4, 2026: When did early humans start smoking weed (THC/CBD)? The answer goes back way further than most of us would expect. Our relationship with cannabis did not begin in a college dorm or a back alley. — Rather, it started over 12,000 years ago, when some of the first farmers in East Asia looked at a very useful wild plant and thought, "Let's grow this."

This video traces the full history of cannabis — from a 2,700-year-old shaman's tomb in western China to the smoke-filled burial caves of the Pamir Mountains, the golden cups of Scythian warriors, the sacred altars of ancient Judah, the bhang rituals of India, a Chinese physician's lost anesthesia formula, a Congolese tribe that traded war for hemp, and the American political machine that turned a 12,000-year-old plant into one of the most dangerous [Schedule 1] substances on Earth.

By the end, viewers might start seeing this plant a little differently. All factual research sources are linked below.

Cross faded humans/monkeys?
(Mack) When did ancient humans first drink? Drunken monkey hypothesis
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📚 RESEARCH AND SOURCES: ▸ Yanghai Tombs — "Phytochemical and genetic analyses of ancient cannabis from Central Asia" (2008, Journal of Experimental Botany) doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern260 ▸ Jirzankal Cemetery — "The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs of western China" (2019, Science Advances) doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391 ▸ Herodotus — The Histories, Book IV, on Scythian cannabis use (c. 440 BCE) ▸ Sergei Rudenko — Frozen Tombs of Siberia: The Pazyryk Burials of Iron Age Horsemen (1970, UC Press) ▸ Scythian Gold Cups — "Residue analysis of golden artifacts from Scythian kurgan in the Caucasus" (2015, Antiquity) ▸ Tell Arad Shrine — "Cannabis and Frankincense at the Judahite Shrine of Arad" (2020, Tel Aviv: Journal of the Institute of Archaeology) doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2020...Atharva Veda — Ancient Vedic text listing cannabis among five sacred plants ▸ Robert Dudley and Dušan Borić — Research on anandamide and the endocannabinoid system ▸ Harry Anslinger — Federal Bureau of Narcotics records, the Gore Files, and the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 ▸ John Ehrlichman — interview quote on Pres. Dick Nixon's drug policy, published in Harper's Magazine (2016) by Dan Baum: "Legalize It All" harpers.org/archive/2016/04/l... ▸ DEA Judge Francis Young — "In the Matter of Marijuana Rescheduling Petition" (1988, Docket No. 86-22)
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PEOPLE MENTIONED IN THIS VIDEO: ▸ Shen Nong — legendary Chinese emperor, traditionally credited as the author of the Pen Ts'ao Ching, one of the world's earliest medical texts, which recommended cannabis for joint pain and malaria. ▸ Herodotus — Ancient Greek historian (c. 484–425 BCE). Traveled through Central Asia and documented Scythian cannabis rituals in vivid detail. His accounts were confirmed by archeological discoveries nearly 2,400 years later. ▸ Sergei Rudenko — Soviet archeologist who in 1947 excavated frozen Scythian tombs in Siberia's Altai Mountains, confirming Herodotus's descriptions of cannabis use with perfectly preserved tent frames, heated stones, and cannabis seeds. ▸ Hua Tuo — Chinese physician (c. 140–208 AD). Mixed cannabis with wine to create an anesthetic and performed surgery during which patients felt nothing — 1,800 years before modern anesthesia, executed by warlord Cao Cao. His formula was lost when he burned his own writings in prison. ▸ Cao Cao — One of the most powerful warlords in Chinese history (155–220 AD). Had Hua Tuo arrested and executed after the physician refused to serve as his personal doctor. ▸ Harry Anslinger — head of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Narcotics from 1930 to 1962. Criminalized cannabis through racist propaganda, fabricated evidence (the Gore Files), and targeted Black musicians including Billie Holiday. ▸ Billie Holiday — legendary jazz singer targeted by Anslinger, not for drug use but for performing "Strange Fruit," a protest song about American lynchings. ▸ John Ehrlichman — Pres. Nixon's domestic policy advisor, who in a 2016-published interview admitted the War on Drugs was designed to target anti-war protesters and Black communities. ▸ Francis Young — DEA administrative law judge who, after two years of reviewing evidence in 1988, concluded that cannabis should not be classified as a Schedule 1 drug alongside heroin. The DEA rejected and ignored his recommendation.
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🎨 Animation by Ink explainer
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#cannabishistory #weedhistory #history #ancienthistory #cannabis #marijuana #explainer #animation #education #HarryAnslinger #SilkRoad #archeology #humanhistory

Shamans: communication from spirit world
(Eden Foundation) Psychedelics (Entheogens) as Medicine 2025: Voices of Ancestors with Snow Raven

Ancient cavemen and cannabis smoking
(MACK) High all day? When did ancient human (cavemen) start smoking cannabis?

Doctor Feelgood? Cannabis, MD
 
"The Cave of the Body" (Guhatthaka Sutta)
Clinging to this cave heavily defiled [1]
one is stuck, bewildered, far from seclusion
from craving for the sensual pleasures [2]
of the world, which are hard to let go.

Those chained to craving
bound by the allure of becoming
find no release
for there is no liberation by others.

Intent, before and behind [3], on thirst
for sensual pleasure here or before —
full of lust for sensual pleasures,
busy, deluded, greedy, entrenched

in the wobbling way [4] they —
impelled into pain — lament:
"What will we be
when we pass away from here?"

So one ought to train here and now.
Whatever one knows as wobbling
in the world, do not, for its sake, behave,
for such life, the enlightened say, is short.

I see them in the world
floundering
men immersed in craving
for new states of becoming.

Base people moan in the mouth of death, their craving
for states of eternal becoming and annihilation [5] unallayed.
See them floundering in their sense of mine like fish in the
puddles of a dried-up stream — and, seeing this,

live with no sense of mine, not forming
attachments to states of becoming.
Subdue craving for both sides [6], 
comprehending [7] sensory contact free of greed.

Doing nothing for which one would oneself
rebuke oneself, for the enlightened person
adheres not to what is seen, to what's heard.
Comprehending perception, one crosses over the flood —

the sage unstuck from possessions.
One, with arrow removed, lives heedful,
longing for neither
this world nor the next.

ENDNOTES
  1. Nd.I: Covered with defilements and unskillful mental states, characteristics, qualities.
  2. "Sensual craving" and "sensual pleasures" are two possible translations of kama ("sensuality"). According to Nd.I, both meanings are intended here.
  3. Nd.I: "Before" ("in front") means experienced in the past; "behind" means to-be-experienced in the future.
  4. Nd.I: "Wobbling way" means the karma of the Ten Courses of Unwholesome Action. (See AN 10.176).
  5. States of not-becoming = "oblivion." These are states of becoming that people can get themselves into through a desire or craving for annihilation, either after death or as a misguided goal of their spiritual striving. (See Iti 49, ucchedavadaannihilationism). As with all states of becoming, these states are impermanent (transient) and disappointing (painful).
  6. According to Nd.I, "both sides" has here several possible meanings: sensory contact and the origination of sensory contact; past and future; name-and-form; internal and external sense media; self-identity (view) and the origination of self-identity. It might also mean the states of becoming and not-becoming (eternalism and annihilationism) mentioned in the previous verse and below, in Sn 4.5.
  7. Nd.I: Comprehending sensory contact has three aspects: (1) being able to identify and distinguish types of sensory contact; (2) contemplating the true nature of sensory contact (e.g., impermanent/inconstant, disappointing/unable to fulfill, and impersonal/not-self); and (3) abandoning attachment to sensory contact. The same three aspects apply to comprehending perception, as mentioned in the following verse.
  • See also: AN 4.184
  • Dhr. Seven, Pat Macpherson, Amber Larson (eds.), Guhatthaka Sutta, based on translation and notes by Ven. Thanissaro (accesstoinsight.org, Sn 4.2 PTS: Sn 772-779), Wisdom Quarterly

Thursday, April 30, 2026

Monkey men taught by celestial god being?


(Ancient Bloodline) [AI slop to fuel speculation:] Life 1.9 million years ago: ancient aliens teach prehistoric humans how to survive? It was not by violence but by farming, cooperation, and controlling base instincts.

Tuesday, December 16, 2025

Aron Kiss climbs Buddhist Himalayas


(Aron Kiss) Discovering a hidden hermitage of Buddhist monks at a peaceful meditation center in the Himalayas of Tibet (which the Chinese authorities insist is part of China).

Monday, May 26, 2025

Oldest art on Earth twice as old as Europe's


Borneo (/bore-nee-yo/) is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of 288,869 square miles (748,168 km2) and a population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses) [1, 2, 3]. Situated at the geographic center of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda Islands, located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. The island is crossed by the equator, which divides it roughly in half. More
CAVES: Borneo has significant cave systems. In Sarawak, the Clearwater Cave has one of the world's longest underground rivers while Deer Cave is home to over three million bats, with guano accumulated to over 330 feet (100 meters) deep [28]. The Gomantong Caves in Sabah have been dubbed the "Cockroach Caves" due to the presence of millions of cockroaches inside [29, 30]. The Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak and Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst in East Kalimantan have karst areas that contain thousands of smaller caves [31].

History of Borneo: the original headhunters
ANCIENT HUMAN ART:
 Scientists reported the discovery of the oldest known figurative art painting, over 40,000 years old (perhaps as old as 52,000 years old), of an unknown (bull) animal, in the cave of Lubang Jeriji Saléh on the island of Borneo in Nov. 2018 [52, 53]. It has been proposed, based on house construction styles, linguistic, and genetic evidence, that Madagascar may have been first populated from southern Borneo. More
Science?
Gold standard peer reviewed publication
Figurative cave paintings from the Indonesian island of Sulawesi date to at least 35,000 years ago (ka) and hand-stencil art from the same region has a minimum date of 40 ka1. Here we show that similar rock art was created during essentially the same time period on the adjacent island of Borneo. Uranium-series analysis of calcium carbonate deposits that overlie a large reddish-orange figurative painting of an animal at Lubang Jeriji Saléh-a limestone cave in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo-yielded a minimum date of 40 ka, which to our knowledge is currently the oldest date for figurative artwork from anywhere in the world. In addition, two reddish-orange-coloured hand stencils from the same site each yielded a minimum uranium-series date of... Source: Palaeolithic cave art in Borneo (PubMed)

The Oldest art on Earth: Discovered in a hidden Borneo cave
(documentalism) May 19, 2025: Deep in the rainforests of Indonesian Borneo, a scientist has uncovered ancient secrets hidden in unmapped limestone caves. Join Steve Backshall and an expedition team as it battles through jungle to film what is the oldest figurative cave art ever discovered — dated as being up to 50,000 years old.

This was one of the most memorable expeditions I have ever directed and filmed. It is an amazing privilege to have worked with such an amazing and competent team. In memory of the brilliant Pak Pindi Setiawan. Huge thanks to Steve Backshall, Pak Pindi Setiawan, Aldo Kane, the whole filming team and True To Nature, UKTV, FMI. Watch the full episode on the BBC: bbc.co.uk/programmes/m002... Watch more wild expeditions: u.co.uk/shows/expedition-with... #Borneo #CaveArt #Expedition #AncientHistory #SteveBackshall
  • Steve Backshall, documentalism, May 19, 2025; Pat Macpherson, Dhr. Seven (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly Wiki edit

Wednesday, January 22, 2025

First modern Brits were 'dark to black'

Still, we wasn't as dark as the swarthy Irish, Mate. Thems is black. We be the fair ones.
.
DNA analysis of Britain's 10,000-year-old complete skeleton reveals first modern Britons dad 'dark to black' skin
ETs must hybridized us something wicked.
In findings that knocked the wind out of long-held assumptions about early British inhabitants, DNA analysis of Britain's oldest complete skeleton proved the first modern Britons who lived about 10,000 years ago had "dark to black" skin, according to the BBC.

The ancient skeleton, known as Cheddar Man, was discovered in 1903 in Somerset's Gough's Cave and gave scientists a glimpse into Britain's prehistoric past.


Researchers from the Natural History Museum and University College London extracted DNA by drilling a tiny 2 mm hole in the ancient skull.

"It really shows up that these imaginary racial categories that we have are really very modern constructions, or very recent constructions, that really are not applicable to the past at all," said Tom Booth, an archaeologist at the Natural History Museum, who worked on the project, according to The Guardian.

We Brits were right savages then, unlike now.
The analysis painted this ancient Briton in vivid detail: a hunter-gatherer with blue eyes, dark curly hair [just like the historical Buddha, who was Central Asian and had curly black hair, Eurasian blue eyes, and golden skin], and a complexion that was "dark to black" [though the Buddha had a fair complexion, records show].

This combination of features — though startling to the modern observer — was common in Western Europe during this period.

Cheddar Man's ancestors had migrated out of Africa via the Middle East, eventually crossing Doggerland, the ancient land bridge connecting Britain to continental Europe, stated the BBC. Open the YouTube video

Prof. Chris Stringer, who studied the Cheddar Man skeleton for four decades, was astonished with the reconstruction:

"To come face-to-face with what this guy could have looked like -- and that striking combination of the hair, the face, the eye color, and that dark skin: something a few years ago we couldn't have imagined and yet that's what the scientific data show," he said, according to the BBC.

These findings represent a surprise to many because genes that confer light skin only began to spread through European populations much later than scientists assumed.

Pale skin, scientists now propose, evolved in farming populations of Europe about 6,000 years ago, possibly as an adaptation to help the skin synthesize Vitamin D from the sun more efficiently. More
  • IBT Times UK (video); BBC; Shraddha, MSN.com, 1/16/25; Pat Macpherson, Ashley Wells (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

Thursday, November 28, 2024

Hunter-gathering to empire-building w/ Ali


The most famous Ali in England is Sacha Baron "Borat" Cohen (shown here being ironic, facetious, and satirical with feminist Prof. Naomi R. Wolf and a group of British religionists). But it should probably be Prof. Ali Roberts for her investigations aired by the BBC. She goes to Asia, China and Siberia, to investigate the progress of humankind from primitive to modern.
The unexpected item that turned hunter-gatherers into empire builders | BBC Timestamp
(BBC Timestamp) Nov. 13, 2024: How did early hunter-gatherers manage to survive in some of the most inhospitable places on Earth, and could pieces of one of the world's oldest pots hold a clue? British Professor Alice Roberts journeys to Asia, the world’s greatest land mass, and attempts to replicate ancient survival techniques (innovations) that appear to have been passed down through many generations.


With little precedent and only the most primitive resources available, our ancestors’ innovation and experimentation were vital for their success. This clip is from Incredible Human Journey (2009).

Who was asked to speak at Harvard?

ABOUT: Welcome to BBC Timestamp, home for all things history. Shed new light on the past by unveiling hidden worlds throughout time, dig into the fascinating true stories behind legendary myths, and learn about cutting-edge technologies helping to rethink stories from across the ages. This is a channel from BBC Studios who help fund new BBC programs. Service information and feedback: bbcstudios.com#AliceRoberts #Archaeology #History #Asia #Survival Subscribe: bbc.in/4b7tZxt

Tuesday, November 12, 2024

Racism in science: Neil deGrasse Tyson


The coup to overthrow the US government by racists in an armed overthrow

"American Coup: Wilmington 1898": Film examines massacre when racists overthrew multiracial US government
Attack Negroes then blame them?
(Democracy Now!) Nov. 12, 2024: American Coup: Wilmington 1898 premieres tonight on PBS and investigates the only successful [January 6th style] insurrection conducted against a U.S. government.

Self-described white supremacist residents stoked fears of "Negro Rule" then carried out a deadly massacre in Wilmington, North Carolina.

MLK, Vietnamese Buddhist Thich Nhat Hanh
Their aim was to destroy Black political and economic power and overthrow the city's democratically elected, Reconstruction-era multiracial government, paving the way for the implementation of Jim Crow laws just two years later.

DN! features excerpts from the documentary and speaks to Co-Director Yoruba Richen, who explains how the insurrection was planned and carried out, and how the filmmakers worked to track down the descendants of both perpetrators and victims, whose voices are featured in the film.


ABOUT: Democracy Now! is an independent global news hour that airs on over 1,500 TV and radio stations Monday through Friday. Watch livestream at democracynow.org Mondays to Fridays 8-9 am ET. Subscribe to Daily Email Digest: democracynow.org/subscribe

Saturday, September 21, 2024

Afghans knew of Kandahar Giant (video)


Kandahar giant was fed by my grandmother
(Terry Carter) Dec. 17, 2023: This is about my father and grandmother's mysterious encounters with the legendary "Kandahar giant."

In this video Ray Rahem reveals a fascinating blend of family history, promising a unique glimpse into a world where the ordinary meets the extraordinary. This mesmerizing adventure explores stories that have been passed down through generations, revealing Afghan secrets that have remained hidden for years.

Discover the enigmatic connection between a grandmother's generosity and a mythical giant. And brace for a narrative that leaves viewers both astonished and eager for more. To catch this intriguing exploration of the uncharted realms of folklore and family lore—hit play and unlock the secrets of the Kandahar giant. Kandahar giant was fed by my grandmother.


Subscribe to YouTube channel: https://goo.gl/nbxyyt. Remember to hit the like button and bell notification.

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  • To learn more about the Nephilim giants, click this link: Nephilim Giants, Brewers Cave and Anc...
  • To learn more about the treasures of the Superstition Mountains and the Lost Dutchman gold, click this link: The Lost Dutchman Treasure
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Monday, September 9, 2024

The Entire History of Pornography (video)


The ENTIRE History of Pornography | documentary
(History But Fast) 9/6/24: Explore the fascinating history of pornography, tracing its roots from ancient civilizations to the digital age. Delve into how early cultures like the ancient Greeks and Romans depicted erotic art and literature, reflecting societal norms and taboos. Discover the impact of the printing press in the 15th century, which revolutionized the dissemination of explicit and obscene material, making it more accessible than ever before. Journey through the Victorian Age, when the tension between moral conservatism and hidden desires led to a clandestine market for erotic novels and photographs. Learn about the role of early cinema in the 20th century, which brought moving images into the realm of adult entertainment, pushing boundaries and challenging censorship laws. Examine the pivotal moments in the 1960s and 70s, when the sexual revolution and the rise of counterculture movements led to a more open discussion and acceptance of pornography. Understand the legal battles and landmark court cases that shaped the industry, defining what could be produced and consumed. Witness the transformation brought by the internet, which democratized access to adult content, creating a global market and giving rise to new genres and platforms. Analyze the ongoing debates about the ethical implications, societal impact, and future of pornography in a rapidly changing digital landscape. This video offers a comprehensive overview of the origins and evolution of pornography, providing historical context and critical insights into one of the most controversial yet enduring aspects of human culture.

Whether one is a history enthusiast, a sociology student, or simply curious about the subject, this exploration promises to be both enlightening and thought-provoking. #HistoryOfPornography #EroticArt #AncientCivilizations #PrintingPress #VictorianEra #EarlyCinema #SexualRevolution #Censorship #InternetPorn #DigitalAge #AdultEntertainment #CulturalImpact #EthicalDebates #Sociology #HumanCulture

Thursday, July 4, 2024

Neanderthals had sex w/ modern humans?


Ancient humans had a wild sex life
(Intrigued Mind) It turns out that ancient humans weren’t just having sex with each other. They were also having sex with other now-extinct human sub-species like Neanderthals and Denisovans. With the power of modern genome sequencing, scientists have been piecing together what parts of our DNA might be the result of interspecies affairs. #AncientHumans #Neanderthals #Denisovans #Pre-HistoricalAffairs

The strange truth about Neanderthal sex lives
(Weird History) Neanderthals (an extinct human species) remain one of the great mysteries of human evolution. They are modern human's closest relatives, but their habits elude us. We are learning more about our hominid cousins every day, and there is still so much we do not know, including the mystery of Neanderthal mating habits, as there is not a lot of evidence to describe what Neanderthal sex would have been like. Thankfully, there are new advances in genetic paleontology shining a light on this elusive subject, and the discoveries surrounding ancient human mating rituals continue to develop.

To learn more details about Neanderthal Sex lives, go here: ranker.com/list/love-and... Be sure to subscribe to the Weird History Newsletter: ranker.com/newsletters/we... #neanderthal #sex #weirdhistory
  • Seth MacFarlane (Family Guy); Intrigued Mind, Aug. 29, 2022; Weird History, March 17, 2024; Seth Auberon, Sheldon S., Ashley Wells (eds.), Wisdom Quarterly

Saturday, March 9, 2024

Cavemen got high on shamanic plants?

Ryan Hogg (rhogg@insider.com) Business Insider via MSN, 4/2023; Eds., Wisdom Quarterly
.
Ancient humans were getting high on hallucinogenic drugs during cave rituals 3,000 years ago: study
  • Scientists have discovered the use of hallucinogenic [shamanic, entheogenic, mind-manifesting psychedelic] drugs by humans 3,000 years ago.
  • They believe shamans used natural plant substances as part of rituals held at the Es Càrritx cave in Menorca.
  • Previous evidence of ancient entheogen use had been indirect and largely based on depictions in amazing art, both on cave walls and artifacts.
The evidence: ancient hair samples
Ancient humans were getting high on hallucinogens during cave rituals 3,000 years ago, according to a new study. Researchers made the discovery after studying Bronze Age strands of hair found in the Es Càrritx cave on the European (Spanish) island of Menorca.

The cave was first occupied around 3,600 years ago and was used as a funeral space until around 2,800 years ago, the researchers said.

The study, published the journal Scientific Reports, found psychoactive substances atropine, scopolamine, and ephedrine on hair strands, which had been dyed red.

We're forming a whole new picture of you, Neander Tall. You're just like us, but not as delicate.
The 3K-y.-o. hair island cave (Sarah Michals/Shutterstock/Scientific Reports/Nature.com).
.
Mind ur own business, Moderns it's a cave thang
The natural substances, which we might call "drugs" today, would have induced delirium, causing symptoms such as extreme mental confusion [awareness of other dimensions normally hidden from humans, such as subtle energies, frequencies, and visions of colors, sounds, and the presence of others and their activities beyond the normal range of our vision and awareness] and "strong and realistic hallucinations [visions]."
  • [NOTE: To label something a "hallucination" for falling outside the range of ordinary consensus reality is wrong. It is not unreal or a delusion simply because others have not yet seen it and agreed that it is so. There is objective reality, but very few are aware of it. We merely know our subjective reality, our perceptions and interpretations. This may be expanded and contracted by our thinking, cultural training, and the company we keep. What someone in a visionary state sees is not unreal, less real, or a hallucination because we, outside of that state, do not have the compacity to confirm or deny it. If we expand our awareness, we may indeed see the exact same thing. And if two or more see something, we agree that that is a consensus and therefore part of reality. For example, during a near-death experience, many individuals report seeing the same thing. That suggests they are seeing something real that most of us have not yet accessed and confirmed but which await us should be come close to death. Moreover, there is a phenomenon as yet unexplained by science wherein a group of people have a "shared death experience." This refers to people not near death experiencing what the person near-death is seeing. They do not speak of it as it is happening, yet they recount the same experience? It is not a mass psychosis or hallucination if they are seeing the exact same thing at the exact same time. But people not privy to the experience will have to call it a "hallucination" to preserve their perceived grip on this consensus reality we mostly share other than individual variations in perception and interpretation.]
We were communing with nature in the cave.
The scientists believe the substances, likely derived from various plants [natural entheogenic substances containing DMT], were used as part of rituals held at the cave.

These may have involved shamans [intermediaries] "who were capable of controlling the side-effects of the plant drugs," according to the study.
The strands of hair had been placed in wooden and horn containers decorated with concentric circles.

"The concentric circles on the wooden containers may have depicted eyes and could have been a metaphor for inner vision related to a drug-induced altered state of consciousness," according the press release.
  • [This would coincide with the modern-day art of visionary Alex Grey, who better than anyone currently alive seems to capture the essence of entheogenic experiences using DMT, or the "spirit molecule," and/or the opening of the third eye (Buddhist dibba-cakkhu, Hindu yogic agni chakra).]
There were eight Neanderthal groups (MSN)
"As preserved human hair is rare in archaeological contexts, this was an unusual opportunity to detect levels of drugs in biological samples," Prof. Elisa Guerra-Doce, an associate professor of prehistory at the University of Valladolid, told Motherboard.

Previous evidence of drug [medicinal plant] use by ancient humans had been indirect and largely based on depictions in art. More